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European Heart Journal 1990 11(7):656-661;
Copyright © 1990 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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© 1990 The European Society of Cardiology

Effects of diltiazem on postextrasystolic potentiation in coronary heart disease patients

M. DI DONOATO, M. MAIOLI, N. MARCHIONNI*, G. A. BARLETTA and F. FANTINI

Cardiology Unit, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Florence Italy
*Institute of Gerontology, University of Florence Italy

Received 7 March 1989; revised 19 October 1989; .

Address for correspondence: Prof. Marisa Di Donato, Centro Cardiologico, Clinica Medica la Viale Morgagni 85, 50134 Florence, Italy.

Abstract

The effects of the calcium antagonist, diltiazem (D), on left ventricular (LV) response to postextrasystolic potentiation (PESP) were investigated in 15 coronary artery disease patients. Several haemodynamic and L V function parameters, as well as regional wall kinetics, were analysed.

During LV angiography, which was performed before and after D administration (0.25 mg kg–1 bolus and 1.4 µg kg–1 min–1 infusion), programmed atrial stimulation was applied with the sequence: S1-S1 =600 ms; S1-S2 = 400 ms; S2-S3 = 800 ms. The results indicate that D exerts a mild negative inotropic effect which is more evident in the postextrasystolic beat (postextrasystolic ESP/ESV and dP/dtmax were significantly lower after D) but the postextrasystolic increase of EF is maintained by the effects of the drug on loading conditions of the left ventricle. Our results indicate that both a reduction of after load and an increase of preload take place after D. The greater preload reserve induced by the drug (EDVI was significantly higher in each patient after D) was associated with a slight increase in left ventricular filling rate, while end-diastolic compliance and pressure did not show significant variations. These results suggest that the increase in left ventricular preload is due to an increase in left atrial driving pressure, an improvement of left ventricular relaxation or both. D does not affect regional wall kinetics either in basal or in the postextrasystolic beat when overall areas are considered, however its effect seems to be related to the degree of basal regional contraction. In fact, D exerts a slight but significant favourable effect on hypokinetic areas, while it mildly depresses normokinetic areas.

Key Words: Diltiazem • left ventricular Function • postextrasystolic potentiation


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