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European Heart Journal 1990 11(8):679-691;
Copyright © 1990 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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© 1990 The European Society of Cardiology

Prevalence and determinants of left ventricular diastolic filling abnormalities in an unselected hypertensive population

P. VERDECCHIA, G. SCHILLACI, M. GUERRIERI, F. BOLDRINI, C. GATTESCHI, G. BENEMIO and C. PORCELLATI

Civic Hospital ‘Beato G. Villa’, Division of Medicine 06062 Città della Pieve PG, Italy

Received 27 July 1989; revised 12 October 1989; .

Address for reprints: Dr Paolo Verdecchia MD, Civic Hospital ‘Beato G. Villa’, Division of Medicine, 06062 Città della Pieve PG, Italy

Abstract

The independent contribution of age, sex, duration of hypertension, heart rate, clinic and ambulatory blood pressure and echocardiographic left ventricular mass to left ventricular diastolic filling abnormalities in essential hypertension was investigated in 250 subjects (145 untreated and unselected hypertensives and 105 healthy normotensive controls) undergoing Doppler and standard echocardiography and non-invasive 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Late and early diastolic transmitral peak flow velocities and their ratio (all P < 0.01), the rate of deceleration of early diastolic mitral flow (P < 0.01) and the time of deceleration of early diastolic mitral flow (P = 0.018) were abnormal in the hypertensive group vs controls. None of these parameters significantly varied in the presence vs absence of LV hypertrophy.

In the hypertensive group, the prevalence of abnormal age-corrected Doppler values varied up to 46% (up to 45.4% and 50% in the absence and presence of left ventricular hypertrophy, respectively; P = n.s.). In a stepwise multivariate regression analysis, age and average daytime or night-time ambulatory blood pressure showed a significant independent relationship with each of these Doppler indexes of left ventricular diastolic filling. Late transmitral peak flow velocity and the ratio of late to early peak flow velocity were also independently affected by the heart rate. Sex, duration of hypertension, clinic systolic and diastolic blood pressure and left ventricular mass index did not show any independent relationship to these Doppler parameters of left ventricular filling.

In conclusion, Doppler abnormalities of diastolic transmitral blood flow were detected in up to 46% of patients in an unselected hypertensive population with a low prevalence (14.5%) of left ventricular hypertrophy. Age and ambulatory blood pressure, but not sex, duration of hypertension, clinic blood pressure and left ventricular mass itself, were the major independent determinants of these abnormalities.

Key Words: Hypertension • echocardiography • Doppler echocardiography • ambulatory blood pressure • monitoring • left ventricular hypertrophy


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