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European Heart Journal 1990 11(9):800-813;
Copyright © 1990 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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© 1990 The European Society of Cardiology

Polymorphonuclear leucocytes as potential source of free radicals in the ischaemic-reperfused myocardium

D. BAGCHI*, D. K. DAS*,, R. M. ENGELMAN{dagger}, M. R. PRASAD* and R. SUBRAMANIAN{ddagger}

*Cardiovascular Division, Surgical Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington, Connecticut
{dagger}Department of Cardiac Surgery, Baystate Medical Center Springfield, Massachusetts
{ddagger}Department of Pathology, Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital and University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A.

Received 3 May 1989; revised 13 November 1989; .

Correspondence to: Dipak K. Das, Ph.D. Cardiovascular Division, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Fannington, CT 06032, U.S.A.

Abstract

The feasibility of polymorphonuclear leucocytes as a potential source of free radicals during reperfusion of ischaemic myocardium was evaluated. Isolated rat heart was perfused in the presence of f-Met-Leu-Phe-activated and normal polymorphonuclear leucocytes for 30min. To Judge the degree of cellular injury which might result from activated polymorphonuclear leucocytes during per fusion, isolated hearts were also perfused with superoxide onions, hydroxyl radicals, and hypochlorous acid-generating systems in the absence or presence of their corresponding scavengers, superoxide dismutase plus catalase, dimethylthiourea, and allo-purinol, respectively. Activated polymorphonuclear leucocytes stimulated the release of lactate dehydro-genase, a biological marker of cellular injury, and malondialdehyde, a presumptive marker for lipid peroxidation; increased tissue injury, as evidenced by morphologic examinations using light and electron microscopy; decreased dryjwet ratios of heart, signifying oedema formation; and reduced myocardial adenosine triphosphate and creatine phosphate content as well as coronary flow, indicating decreased myocardial performance. These biological, physiological, and morphologic parameters were reversed significantly, but not completely, by treating the heart with scavengers, superoxide dismutase plus catalase or allopurinol, but were reversed completely by simultaneous treatment with superoxide dismutase, catalase, and allopurinol. Comparable results were obtained when the hearts were treated with each of these free radical-generating systems and their corresponding scavengers. Generation of free radicals was confirmed either by cytochrome c reduction or by examining the chemiluminescence response using a luminometer. These results indicate that activated polymorphonuclear leucocytes can cause myocardial cellular injury equivalent to the damage caused by free radicals and oxidants which are present in an ischaemic-reperfused heart, suggesting that polymorphonuclear leucocytes may be a potential source of free radicals in the reperf used heart.

Key Words: Free radical • heart • ischaemia • polymorphonuclear leucocytes • reperfusion injury


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