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European Heart Journal 1990 11(Supplement G):95-99; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/11.suppl_G.95
Copyright © 1990 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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© 1990 The European Society of Cardiology

Cardiogenic reflexes and left ventricular hypertrophy

G. Grassi, C. Giannattasio, G. Seravalle, B. M. Cattaneo, J. Cléroux and G. Mancia

Cattedra di Semeiotica Medica, Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Università di Milano and Centro di Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy

Address for correspondence: Professor Giuseppe Mancia, Centro Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy

Studies performed in both animal and human species have shown that receptors anatomically located in the cardiac walls and in the pulmonary vascular bed exert a powerful influence on sympathetic vasconstrictor tone and renin release from the kidney. This paper will review recent data collected by our group on the effects on this homeostatic reflex function of two different models of cardiac hypertrophy, i.e. that associated with arterial hypertension and that induced by prolonged physical training. It will also examine whether and to what extent cardiopulmonary refex control of circulation can be restored after an effective antihypertensive pharmacological treatment has induced a regression of the structural alterations of the heart. The results of these studies suggest that cardiopulmonary reflex control of circulation is markedly impaired in the presence of cardiac hypertrophy, with (severe hypertensive subjects) or without (athletes) high blood pressure values. In hypertensives, furthermore, therapeutic regression of cardiac hypertrophy seems to restore, although not fully normalize, this reflex function. Taken together these findings suggest that cardiac hypertrophy, per se, is a condition characterized by the loss of the reflex functions exerted by cardiac receptors, with adverse consequences on cardiovascular homeostasis.

Key Words: Cardiac hypertrophy • neural cardiovascular control • cardiac receptors • hypertension • physical training


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