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European Heart Journal 1991 12(11):1219-1224;
Copyright © 1991 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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© 1991 The European Society of Cardiology

Oral contraceptives, sex steroid-induced antibodies and vascular thrombosis: Results from 1318 cases

V. BEAUMONT, N. LEMORT and J. L. BEAUMONT

INSERM U 32 et Centre de Recherches sur les Maladies des Arieres de l'Association Claude Bernard, Creteil, France

Received 30 January 1990; revised 14 June 1990; .

Correspondence: Professor J. L. Beaumont Inserm U 32, Hopital Henri Mondor 94010 Creteil, France

Abstract

The role of antiethinyl estradiol antibodies (anti EE Ab) and associated risk factors was evaluated in 1318 cases of venous or arterial thrombosis in oral contraceptives (OC) users, and compared to 61 non-users and 124 healthy current users. Anti EE Ab were absent in non-users and present in 33% of healthy users and 72% of those with thrombosis, either arterial or venous. Age, duration of use, hyperlipidaemia and smoking were factors associated with thrombosis only in women with an arterial disease.

While the two predominant factors, anti EE Ab and smoking may be risk factors in their own right, the combination of both was found in 47·7% of women with thrombosis. It is proposed that thrombosis associated with OC use may be explained by an immunological disease in which anti EE Ab and their complexes with the circulating synthetic hormones may be harmful to the vessels, as also suggested by the type of lesions already described in OC users. The determination of anti EE Ab in healthy users may identify a group at risk of thrombosis.

Key Words: Oral contraception • thrombosis • anti-sex steroid hormone antibodies • vascular risk factors


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