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European Heart Journal 1991 12(Supplement D):2-6; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/12.suppl_D.2
Copyright © 1991 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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© 1991 The European Society of Cardiology

Pericardioscopy—a new diagnostic tool in inflammatory diseases of the pericardium

B. Maisch and L. Drude

Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany

Address for correspondence: Prof. Dr Bernhard Maisch, Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, Philipps-University, Baldingerstraße, D-3500 Marburg, Germany

Pericardioscopy is a new diagnostic tool to visualize macroscopically alterations in both the epicardium and pericardium. The first experience in 30 patients is reported, after pilot investigations were carried out in experimental animals. After puncture of the pericardial effusion a 9F sheath was introduced under echocardiographic and/or x-ray control. The fluid was removed by aspiration and 100–150 ml of body warm saline were infused in the pericardial sack A flexible 8F fibreglass instrument (Vantec, Baxter or Storz) and a rigid 110°8F endoscope (Storz) were used for visualization of peri- and epicardium and for video documentation. Complementary to visualization, optically-guided and controlled epicardial and pericardial biopsies were performed and analysed further. Specific diagnosis of pericardial effusion is thus greatly facilitated by the triad, penicardioscopy, cytology and epicardial as well as pericardial biopsy.

Key Words: Pericardioscopy • pericardial effusion • pericarditis • (peri)myocarditis


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