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European Heart Journal 1992 13(10):1316-1324;
Copyright © 1992 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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© 1992 The European Society of Cardiology

Exercise-induced QRS changes in healthy men and women: a multivariate analysis on their relation to background data and exercise performance

M. PILHALL, M. RIHA and S. JERN

Department of Clinical Physiology, Östra Hospital, University of Gothenberg Sweden

Received 10 October 1991; revised 6 April 1992; .

Correspondence. Martin Pilhall, MD, Department of Clinical Physiology, CK. University of Gothenburg, Ostra Hospital, S-416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden

Abstract

Changes in the QRS segment during exercise have repeatedly been suggested to provide diagnostic information with respect to ischaemic heart disease, but the subject is controversial. In order to study the possibly confounding effects of gender, age, resting ECG and exercise performance, 50 healthy subjects were investigated with computerized vectorcardiography during a maximal ergometer exercise test.

The overall change in the QRS complex decreased significantly with age and female gender (P>0·001). However, these responses were better explained by baseline QRS size, change in heart rate and systolic blood pressure (adjusted T2>0·70, vs adjusted T2>0·41). Effects of age were seen in the Y-lead, and gender effects in the X- and Z-leads (P <0·0001). In multivariate analyses, X- and Y-lead alterations correlated negatively to change in heart rate and resting QRS size (X-lead; adjusted r20·50, Y-lead; r20·44). Z-lead alterations correlated negatively with female gender and resting Z-lead QRS size (adjusted r2 0·31). ST changes correlated with QRS changes in the X-and Y-leads (P<0·05). QRS changes immediately after exercise correlated with alterations during exercise (P<0·004), maximal load (P<0·01) and time to hypotension post-exercise (X- and Z-lead; P<0·02).

In conclusion, QRS changes appear to be related to baseline QRS size, change in heart rate and ST change, factors which may have important confounding effects. Consideration of these factors may help in resolving the controversy surrounding QRS changes.

Key Words: Exercise • ECG • computerized vectorcardiography • QRS complex • healthy subjects


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