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European Heart Journal 1992 13(Supplement E):57-64; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/13.suppl_E.57
Copyright © 1992 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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© 1992 The European Society of Cardiology

Clinical evaluation of left heart function by conductance catheter technique

D. A. Kass

From the Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S. A.

Correspondence: D. A. Kass, Cardiology Division, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, U.S.A.

Methods to obtain pressure-volume loops in humans and their application to clinical diagnosis and treatment of cardiac disease are discussed. The method employs a conductance catheter, micromanometer, and inferior vena caval balloon occluder to reversibly and rapidly vary venous return. Multiple cardiac cycles measured during this manoeuvre are used to derive a variety of systolic and diastolic function indices, as well as estimates of vascular loading, and cardiac energetics. Strengths and weaknesses of the method as well as pressure-volume indexes themselves are briefly discussed Lastly, three clinical examples are presented which serve to demonstrate how pressure-volume analysis can provide useful clinical information regarding diagnosis and/or treatment in subjects with heart failure symptoms.

Key Words: Ventricular function • human heart failure • pressure-volume relations • diastole • congestive heart failure • impedance volumetry


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