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European Heart Journal 1993 14(8):1072-1078;
Copyright © 1993 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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© 1993 The Europen Society of Cardiology

Myocardial washout of sonicated iopamidol does not reflect the transmural distribution of coronary blood flow

D. ROVAI, G. GHELARDINI, M. LOMBARDI, M. G. TRIVELLA, E. NEVOLA, L. TADDEI, E. M. FERDEGHINI, A. DISTANTE and A. L'ABBATE

C.N.R., Clinical Physiology Institute and University of Pisa Pisa, Italy

Received 9 November 1992; revised 19 March 1993; .

Correspondence: Daniele Rovai, MD. CNR, Clinical Physiology Institute, via Savi, 8, 56100 Pisa, Italy

Abstract

It has been shown in previous studies that myocardial contrast echocardiography provides quantitative information on coronary blood flow. However, the ability of contrast echo to assess the transmural (endo/epicardial) distribution of blood flow is still debated. To test this hypothesis, the left circumflex coronary arteries of six anaesthetized open-chested dogs were cannulated and perfused with blood from the femoral artery. At different rates of coronary blood flow, during adenosine-induced coronary vasodilation, sonicated iopamidol and radionuclide labelled microspheres were injected into the coronary cannula, immediately proximal to a mixing chamber. Two-D echo images were digitized and myocardial time–intensity curves were obtained for the endocardial, mid- and epicardial layers. A good correlation existed between contrast washout of the entire ventricular wall and coronary flow (r = 0.85). However, the washout rate from the endo-, mid- and epicardial layers showed weak correlations with corresponding regional blood flows measured by microspheres (r = 0.56, 0.71 and 0.58, respectively). No significant relationship was found between the endo/epicardial washout ratio and the corresponding flow ratio by microspheres. Thus, measurement of the transmural distribution of coronary blood flow by myocardial contrast echocardiography remains an elusive goal.

Key Words: Echocardiography • coronary circulation • myocardial perfusion • contrast agents


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