Copyright © 1995 by the European Society of Cardiology.
© 1995 The European Society of Cardiology
Directions in antihypertensive treatment—our future from the past
Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, Philipps-University Marburg Germany
Correspondence: Prof Dr.med. Berhard Maisch, Abt. Innere Medizinkardiologic Philipps-Universitaät Marburg, Baldingerstr. 1. D-35033 Marburg, Germany
Future directions in antihypertensive treatment will rely on our present experience with antihypertensive drugs, on new concepts of cardiovascular regulation and on novel antihypertensive agents. At present, we seek early detection of hypertension; treatment should focus on normalization of blood pressure, the reversal or prevention of left ventricular hypertrophy, associated coronary artery disease and on the prevention of, or reparation of, myocardial flbrosis and microangiopathy. Therefore, combination therapy is advisable in severe cases, and any monotherapy should focus on the pharmacological principles compatible with these goals. ACE inhibitors and calcium antagonists appear to meet these requirements.
There are, in addition, novel drugs i.e. angiotensin II receptor antagonists and renin inhibitors, as well as therapeutic stimulation of endothelial nitric oxide by L-arginine, the inhibition of endothelin-I mediated vasoconstriction, and potassium-channel openers. All are examined in this contribution to delineate the perspectives in antihypertensive therapy
Key Words: Hypertension • ACE-inhibitors • calcium antagonists • diuretics • treatment strategies • integrated care • metabolic syndrome
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  O. Ozdemir, M. Soylu, A. D. Demir, O. Alyan, S. Topaloglu, B. Geyik, and E. Kutuk Collaterals That Regressed After Angioplasty Can be Recruited to Protect the Left Ventricle in Case of an Acute Occlusion Angiology, September 1, 2005; 56(5): 517 - 523. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Billinger, L. Raeber, C. Seiler, S. Windecker, B. Meier, and O. M. Hess Coronary collateral perfusion in patients with coronary artery disease: effect of metoprolol Eur. Heart J., April 1, 2004; 25(7): 565 - 570. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Alloatti, R. Levi, D. Malan, L. Del Sorbo, O. Bosco, L. Barberis, A. Marcantoni, I. Bedendi, C. Penna, O. Azzolino, et al. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase {gamma}-deficient hearts are protected from the PAF-dependent depression of cardiac contractility Cardiovasc Res, November 1, 2003; 60(2): 242 - 249. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C Seiler, T Pohl, E Lipp, D Hutter, and B Meier Regional left ventricular function during transient coronary occlusion: relation with coronary collateral flow Heart, July 1, 2002; 88(1): 35 - 42. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Seiler, M. Fleisch, A. Garachemani, and B. Meier Coronary collateral quantitation in patients with coronary artery disease using intravascular flow velocity or pressure measurements J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 1, 1998; 32(5): 1272 - 1279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Senti, M. Fleisch, M. Billinger, B. Meier, and C. Seiler Long-term physical exercise and quantitatively assessed human coronary collateral circulation J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 1, 1998; 32(1): 49 - 56. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. R Sipido, T. Stankovicova, W. Flameng, J. Vanhaecke, and F. Verdonck Frequency dependence of Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in human ventricular myocytes from end-stage heart failure Cardiovasc Res, February 1, 1998; 37(2): 478 - 488. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. Piek, R. A. M. van Liebergen, K. T. Koch, R. J. de Winter, R. J. G. Peters, and G. K. David Pharmacological Modulation of the Human Collateral Vascular Resistance in Acute and Chronic Coronary Occlusion Assessed by Intracoronary Blood Flow Velocity Analysis in an Angioplasty Model Circulation, July 1, 1997; 96(1): 106 - 115. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|