Copyright © 1998 by the European Society of Cardiology.
Prediction of behavioural and emotional problems in children and adolescents with operated congenital heart disease
a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
b Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
c Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
d Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
accepted November 21, 1997
Aims
The aim of the present study was to determine which medical variables were predictors of long-term behavioural/emotional outcome after surgical correction for congenital heart disease in infancy and childhood.
Methods
The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to predict parent-reported behavioural/emotional problems in 125 10–15 year-old congenital heart disease children from: (1) biographical status (2) medical history (3) heart surgery (4) short-term post-operative course and (5) number of heart operations and (6) extra cardiac concomitant anomalies.
Results
Higher CBCL total problem scores at follow-up were associated with a greater number of heart oper-ations and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (<22°). ‘Internalizing problems’ were associated with a greater number of heart operations, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, a short gestational age, low systemic oxygen saturation, and older age at surgical repair. ‘Externalizing problems’ were associated with a greater number of heart operations only.
Conclusion
Several medical variables were significant predictors and can be used to identify those congenital heart disease children who are at risk of long-term behavioural/emotional maladjustment.
Key Words: Behavioural/emotional problems congenital heart disease
Correspondence: E. M. Utens, PhD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Dr. Molewaterplein 60, 3015 GJ Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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