Copyright © 1999 by the European Society of Cardiology.
Anthropometric, lifestyle and metabolic determinants of resting heart rate. A population study
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
accepted July 22, 1998
Abstract
Aim
To clarify the determinants of resting heart rate at the population level in a random sample of the Belgian population.
Methods and Results
Data of 5027 men and 4150 women aged 25–74 years obtained from a Belgian nationwide survey were analysed. In multivariate analysis, blood pressure strongly correlated with heart rate in men (t=12·4 for systolic; t=8·8 for diastolic) and women (t=12·0 for systolic; t=7·7 for diastolic). Age (t=–3·4 in men; t=–8·1 in women) and height (t=–3·7 in men; t=–3·1 in women) correlated negatively with heart rate. Smoking raised heart rate in men (1–19 cigarettes.day–1, t=6·1; 
20 cigarettes.day–1, t=10·3) and women (20 cigarettes.day–1, t=3·5). Serum phosphorus correlated negatively with heart rate (t=–3·5 in men; t=–8·3 in women). Serum log alkaline phosphatase (t=6·7 in men; t=7·2 in women) and serum protein (t=5·3 in men; t=4·4 in women) correlated positively with heart rate.
Conclusion
At the population level, blood pressure, cigarette smoking, serum alkaline phosphatase and serum protein correlate independently, significantly and positively with heart rate, and age, height and serum phosphorus negatively.
Key Words: Heart rate • cigarette smoking • blood pressure • serum phosphorus • serum alkaline phosphatase • serum protein
1 Correspondence: Professor Hugo Kesteloot, MD, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, Kapucijnenvoer 33, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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