Copyright © 2000 by the European Society of Cardiology.
The effect of oral magnesium, alone or as an adjuvant to sotalol, after cardioversion in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation
a Department of Cardiology, South Hospital, Sweden
c Department of Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
b Department of Cardiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
revised October 18, 1999; accepted October 20, 1999
Abstract
Aims To determine whether magnesium given orally decreases the recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation after elective direct current cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation.
Methods and Results Consecutive outpatients were randomized to treatment with oral magnesium (10·3mmol) or placebo twice daily in a double-blind fashion. Two groups were studied; magnesium study: 170 patients with atrial fibrillation persistent for >1 month, scheduled for their first direct current cardioversion. No concomitant antiarrhythmic drugs of class I or III were allowed. Sotalol and magnesium study: 131 patients with recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation after previous direct current cardioversion, or a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, treated with sotalol. Patients were followed until recurrence of atrial fibrillation or for at least 6 months. Magnesium study: at cardioversion 67 of 85 (79%) in the placebo group and 64 of 85 (75%) in the magnesium group had converted to sinus rhythm. At the end of the study, with a follow-up of 6 to 42 months, 15% of patients in the placebo group and 19% of patients in the magnesium group remained in sinus rhythm (Log rank test: P=0·37). Sotalol and magnesium study: pharmacological conversion to sinus rhythm, after oral treatment, was achieved in 34 of 131 (26%) patients. Sinus rhythm, with or without cardioversion, was restored in 89% and 85% of the patients in the placebo and magnesium groups, respectively. At the end of the study, with a follow-up of 6 to 42 months, 37% of patients in the placebo group and 30% of patients in the magnesium group remained in sinus rhythm (Log rank test:P =0·64).
Conclusion In patients with persistent atrial fibrillation, oral treatment with magnesium alone or as an adjuvant to sotalol, does not influence the recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation after elective cardioversion.
Key Words: Atrial fibrillation, cardioversion, magnesium, sotalol, arrhythmias
f1 Correspondence: Mats Frick, MD, Department of Cardiology, South Hospital, S-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden.
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