Copyright © 2002 by the European Society of Cardiology.
Prevalence and prognosis of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy, ST segment depression and negative T-wave. The Copenhagen City Heart Study
a Copenhagen City Heart Study, Epidemiological Research Unit, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Bispebjerg, 2400 NV, Denmark
b Department of Cardiology, Gentofte University Hospital, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
c Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2400 NV, Denmark
d Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A.
revised April 24, 2001; accepted April 25, 2001
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the prevalence and the independent prognosis of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy by voltage only, ST depression and negative T wave, isolated negative T wave and left ventricular hypertrophy plus ST depression and negative T wave for cardiac morbidity and mortality, without known ischaemic heart disease at baseline.
Methods and Results Follow-up data from the Copenhagen City Heart Study were used. Subjects were 5243 men and 6391 women, age range 25–74 years. End-points were (1) myocardial infarction, (2) ischaemic heart disease and (3) cardiovascular disease mortality. Relative risk was age- and sex-adjusted, and multivariately adjusted for known cardiovascular risk factors. During 7 years follow-up, left ventricular hypertrophy plus ST depression and negative T wave had an age-adjusted relative risk of 3·78 (95% confidence interval 2·29–6·25) for myocardial infarction, 4·27 (2·95–6·16) for ischaemic heart disease and 3·75 (2·41–5·85) for cardiovascular disease. A negative T wave, ST depression and negative T wave changes, and left ventricular hypertrophy with negative T wave also carry independent prognostic information for myocardial infarction, ischaemic heart disease and cardiovascular disease.
Conclusions Electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy with ST depression and negative T wave changes are the electrocardiographic abnormalities with the greatest prognostic information for future cardiac events. Electrocardiographic negative T waves, ST depression and negative T wave abnormalities and left ventricular hypertrophy with negative T waves, also have prognostic information.
Key Words: Electrocardiographic, left ventricular hypertrophy, prognosis, epidemiology, risk factors
f1 Correspondence: Carsten Toftager Larsen, MD, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amtssygehuset i Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. Kumar, R. J. Prineas, A. M. Arnold, B. M. Psaty, C. D. Furberg, J. Robbins, and D. M. Lloyd-Jones Prevalence, Prognosis, and Implications of Isolated Minor Nonspecific ST-Segment and T-Wave Abnormalities in Older Adults: Cardiovascular Health Study Circulation, December 16, 2008; 118(25): 2790 - 2796. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Landesberg, Y. Berlatzky, M. Bocher, R. Alcalai, H. Anner, T. Ganon-Rozental, M. H. Luria, I. Akopnik, C. Weissman, and M. Mosseri A clinical survival score predicts the likelihood to benefit from preoperative thallium scanning and coronary revascularization before major vascular surgery Eur. Heart J., March 1, 2007; 28(5): 533 - 539. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Salles, C. Cardoso, A. R. Nogueira, K. Bloch, and E. Muxfeldt Importance of the Electrocardiographic Strain Pattern in Patients With Resistant Hypertension Hypertension, September 1, 2006; 48(3): 437 - 442. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Stern Electrocardiogram: Still the Cardiologist's Best Friend Circulation, May 16, 2006; 113(19): e753 - e756. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. M. Rautaharju, C. Kooperberg, J. C. Larson, and A. LaCroix Electrocardiographic Abnormalities That Predict Coronary Heart Disease Events and Mortality in Postmenopausal Women: The Women's Health Initiative Circulation, January 31, 2006; 113(4): 473 - 480. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. M. Rautaharju, C. Kooperberg, J. C. Larson, and A. LaCroix Electrocardiographic Predictors of Incident Congestive Heart Failure and All-Cause Mortality in Postmenopausal Women: The Women's Health Initiative Circulation, January 31, 2006; 113(4): 481 - 489. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. M. Okin, R. B. Devereux, M. S. Nieminen, S. Jern, L. Oikarinen, M. Viitasalo, L. Toivonen, S. E. Kjeldsen, B. Dahlof, and for the LIFE Study Investigators Electrocardiographic Strain Pattern and Prediction of New-Onset Congestive Heart Failure in Hypertensive Patients: The Losartan Intervention for Endpoint Reduction in Hypertension (LIFE) Study Circulation, January 3, 2006; 113(1): 67 - 73. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Delgado-Almeida, M. P. Schneider, R. E. Schmieder, R. H. Fagard, and on behalf of the Syst-Eur investigators Critical Value of the Electrocardiogram in LVH: From Predictive Index to Therapeutic Reassessment Hypertension, February 1, 2005; 45(2): e6 - e7. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. M. Okin, R. B. Devereux, M. S. Nieminen, S. Jern, L. Oikarinen, M. Viitasalo, L. Toivonen, S. E. Kjeldsen, S. Julius, S. Snapinn, et al. Electrocardiographic Strain Pattern and Prediction of Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Hypertensive Patients Hypertension, July 1, 2004; 44(1): 48 - 54. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Schunkert and M. Fischer Old and simple tools may do better--sometimes Eur. Heart J., December 2, 2002; 23(24): 1900 - 1902. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. De Bacquer and G. De Backer Electrocardiographic findings and global coronary risk assessment Eur. Heart J., February 2, 2002; 23(4): 268 - 270. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|