Copyright © 2002 by the European Society of Cardiology.
Catheter ablation and antiarrhythmic drugs for haemodynamically tolerated post-infarction ventricular tachycardia. Long-term outcome in relation to acute electrophysiological findings
a Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Institute of Cardiology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
b Institute of Cardiology, Mater Domini Hospital, University of Insubria, Castellanza, Varese, Italy
d Institute of Cardiology, Città di Pavia Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
c Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Research Department, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
revised May 10, 2001; accepted May 16, 2001
Abstract
Aims Radiofrequency catheter ablation is effective at terminating ventricular tachycardia, but the overall clinical role of the technique in patients with a prior myocardial infarction is still debated, due to the uncertainties of the long-term reliability of the procedure. The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate the relationship between acute results obtained by catheter ablation and long-term outcome in a homogeneous population of patients with post-myocardial infarction ventricular tachycardia.
Methods and Results One hundred and twenty-four consecutive patients with recurrent, drug-refractory, haemodynamically tolerated ventricular tachycardia were included in the study. This population accounted for 30% of the patients with post-myocardial infarction ventricular tachycardia admitted between April 1992 and September 1997 to the investigating centres. The ablation was successful in eliminating sustained ventricular tachycardia in 91 of them (73%); a partial result was obtained in 21 (17%) and failure in 12 (10%). Low dose amiodarone and/or beta-blockers were maintained in 86% of the patients. Over a median follow-up of 41·5 months (interquartile range 30·5–59·5 months), there were 15 deaths (12%), three of which were sudden (2·4%); the 12 remaining patients died of heart failure. Event-free survival analysis showed a significally lower ventricular tachycardia recurrence rate in patients with a successful procedure as compared to those with failure or a partial result (19% vs 53% at one year and 27% vs 60% at 3 years,P =0·003). A repeat procedure was performed in 15 patients with early recurrences and was followed in all by long-term success. Of those who submitted to a second procedure, 93/124 patients (75%) are free of ventricular tachycardia recurrences. An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), following procedure failure, was implanted in 13 patients (11%) of the study population.
Conclusions Radiofrequency catheter ablation is effective in a wide population of patients with recurrent tolerated ventricular tachycardia, with very low sudden death and cardiac mortality rates over the long-term. Persistent ventricular tachycardia inducibility after catheter ablation requires an ICD implant and/or repeat ablation.
Key Words: Catheter ablation, ventricular tachycardia, myocardial infarction
f1 Correspondence: Dr Paolo Della Bella, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Institute of Cardiology, University of Milan, Via Parea 4, 20138 Milano, Italy
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