Copyright © 2004 by the European Society of Cardiology.
Preclinical research
Intravascular thermography: Immediate functional and morphological vascular findings
a Cardiovascular Translational Research Institute, Antwerp, Belgium
b Department of Interventional Cardiology, Middelheim Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
c Division of Pharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
d Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
e Department of Pathology, Middelheim Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
* Address for correspondence: Stefan Verheye, M.D., Department of Interventional Cardiology, Middelheim Hospital, Lindendreef 1, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium. Tel +32 3 280 32 55; Fax +32 3 230 65 11
E-mail address: stefan.verheye{at}pandora.be
Received 14 August 2003; revised 6 October 2003; accepted 16 October 2003
Abstract
Aim To investigate safety, feasibility, and injurious effect on endothelial cells of a thermography catheter as well as effect of flow on measured temperature in non-obstructive arteries.
Methods and results Safety and feasibility were tested in both rabbit aortas and pig coronary arteries. Evaluation of endothelial damage by the catheter (acute, 7 and 14 days) was performed in pig coronaries using Evans Blue, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Factor-VIII antibody and compared with normal arteries and arteries that underwent intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). The effect of flow on temperature heterogeneity was analysed both in vitro and in vivo conditions. All procedures were successful without any adverse events; intra- and inter-operator variability was low. Intracoronary use of the catheter was associated with acute but reversible de-endothelialization, paralleling the findings associated with IVUS use. Changes in flow velocities under physiologic flow conditions did not significantly influence the temperature differences measured both in vitro and in vivo; temperature heterogeneity was more pronounced in absence of flow.
Conclusion Intracoronary thermography using a dedicated catheter is safe and feasible with a similar degree of de-endothelialization as IVUS. Temperature heterogeneity remained unchanged under normal physiologic flow conditions allowing clinical use of thermography.
Key Words: Atherosclerosis Catheters Imaging Plaque IVUS
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