Copyright © 2004 by the European Society of Cardiology.
Review
Primary hyperparathyroidism and heart disease — a review
Department of Cardiology, Centre of Heart and Lung Diseases, Malmö University Hospital, University of Lund 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
Received January 7, 2004; revised May 11, 2004; accepted July 8, 2004 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +46 40 33 10 00; fax: +46 40 33 62 09 (E-mail: erik.rydberg{at}medforsk.mas.lu.se).
Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), caused by solitary parathyroid adenomas in 85% of cases and diffuse hyperplasia in most of the remaining cases, overproduces parathyroid hormone (PTH), which mobilizes calcium to the blood stream. Renal stones, osteoporosis and diffuse symptoms of hypercalcaemia, such as constipation, fatigue and weakness are well-known complications. However, in Western Europe and North America, patients with pHPT are nowadays usually discovered during an early, asymptomatic phase of the disease. It has been reported that patients suffering from symptomatic pHPT have increased mortality, mainly due to an overrepresentation of cardiovascular death. pHPT is reported to be associated with hypertension, disturbances in the renin—angiotensin—aldosterone system, and structural and functional alterations in the vascular wall. Recently, studies have indicated an association between pHPT and heart disease, and studies in vitro have produced a number of theoretical approaches. An increased prevalence of cardiac structural abnormalities such as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and valvular and myocardial calcification has been observed. Associations have been found between PTH and LVH, and between LVH and serum calcium. LV systolic function does not seem to be affected in patients with pHPT, whereas any influence on LV diastolic performance needs further evaluation. The aim of this review is to clarify the connection between pHPT and cardiac disease.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. Virdis, F. Cetani, C. Giannarelli, C. Banti, L. Ghiadoni, E. Ambrogini, D. Carrara, A. Pinchera, S. Taddei, G. Bernini, et al. The Sulfaphenazole-Sensitive Pathway Acts as a Compensatory Mechanism for Impaired Nitric Oxide Availability in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Effect of Surgical Treatment J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2010; 95(2): 920 - 927. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Hagstrom, P. Hellman, T. E. Larsson, E. Ingelsson, L. Berglund, J. Sundstrom, H. Melhus, C. Held, L. Lind, K. Michaelsson, et al. Plasma Parathyroid Hormone and the Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality in the Community Circulation, June 2, 2009; 119(21): 2765 - 2771. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Erem, M. Kocak, I. Nuhoglu, M. Yilmaz, and O. Ucuncu Increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, decreased tissue factor pathway inhibitor, and unchanged thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor levels in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism Eur. J. Endocrinol., May 1, 2009; 160(5): 863 - 868. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Zittermann, S. Frisch, H. K Berthold, C. Gotting, J. Kuhn, K. Kleesiek, P. Stehle, H. Koertke, and R. Koerfer Vitamin D supplementation enhances the beneficial effects of weight loss on cardiovascular disease risk markers Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2009; 89(5): 1321 - 1327. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Tastan, R. Schreckenberg, S. Mufti, Y. Abdallah, H. M. Piper, and K.-D. Schluter Parathyroid hormone improves contractile performance of adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes at low concentrations in a non-acute way Cardiovasc Res, April 1, 2009; 82(1): 77 - 83. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T Sugimoto, T Tanigawa, K Onishi, N Fujimoto, A Matsuda, S Nakamori, K Matsuoka, T Nakamura, T Koji, and M Ito Serum intact parathyroid hormone levels predict hospitalisation for heart failure Heart, March 1, 2009; 95(5): 395 - 398. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. T. Weber, W. B. Weglicki, and R. U. Simpson Macro- and micronutrient dyshomeostasis in the adverse structural remodelling of myocardium Cardiovasc Res, February 15, 2009; 81(3): 500 - 508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S Norenstedt, A Ekbom, L Brandt, J Zedenius, and I-L Nilsson Postoperative mortality in parathyroid surgery in Sweden during five decades: improved outcome despite older patients Eur. J. Endocrinol., February 1, 2009; 160(2): 295 - 299. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. H. Lee, J. H. O'Keefe, D. Bell, D. D. Hensrud, and M. F. Holick Vitamin D Deficiency: An Important, Common, and Easily Treatable Cardiovascular Risk Factor? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 9, 2008; 52(24): 1949 - 1956. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Andrade, L. Er, A. Ignaszewski, and A. Levin Exploration of Association of 1,25-OH2D3 with Augmentation Index, a Composite Measure of Arterial Stiffness Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2008; 3(6): 1800 - 1806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. L. Melamed, P. Muntner, E. D. Michos, J. Uribarri, C. Weber, J. Sharma, and P. Raggi Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and the Prevalence of Peripheral Arterial Disease: Results from NHANES 2001 to 2004 Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, June 1, 2008; 28(6): 1179 - 1185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Reppe, L. Stilgren, B. Abrahamsen, O. K. Olstad, F. Cero, K. Brixen, L. S. Nissen-Meyer, and K. M. Gautvik Abnormal muscle and hematopoietic gene expression may be important for clinical morbidity in primary hyperparathyroidism Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2007; 292(5): E1465 - E1473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. A. Fisher, E. K. Southcott, W. Srikusalanukul, M. W. Davis, P. E. Hickman, J. M. Potter, and P. N. Smith Relationships between Myocardial Injury, All-cause Mortality, Vitamin D, PTH, and Biochemical Bone Turnover Markers in Older Patients with Hip Fractures Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., January 1, 2007; 37(3): 222 - 232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Y. Hayashi, M. Rohani, B. Lindholm, L.-A. Brodin, B. Lind, P. Barany, A. Alvestrand, and A. Seeberger Left ventricular function in patients with chronic kidney disease evaluated by colour tissue Doppler velocity imaging Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., January 1, 2006; 21(1): 125 - 132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Bolland, A. B. Grey, G. D. Gamble, and I. R. Reid Association between Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Increased Body Weight: A Meta-Analysis J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2005; 90(3): 1525 - 1530. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|