European Heart Journal Advance Access originally published online on April 8, 2005
European Heart Journal 2005 26(13):1255-1261; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi230
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Association between hyper- and hypoglycaemia and 2 year all-cause mortality risk in diabetic patients with acute coronary events
1Clinical Experimental Research Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, 416 85 Göteborg, Sweden
2Donald W. Reynolds Cardiovascular Clinical Research Centre, University of Texas Southwestern, Medical Centre at Dallas, USA
Received 26 October 2004; revised 11 February 2005; accepted 17 February 2005; online publish-ahead-of-print 8 April 2005.
* Corresponding author. Tel:+46 31 343 59 29/706 652560; fax: +46 31 191416. E-mail address: ann-marie.svensson{at}hjl.gu.se
See page 1245 for the editorial comment on this article (doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi302)
Aims The study evaluated the associations between glycometabolic parameters at admission and during hospitalization and 2 year all-cause mortality risk in an unselected cohort of consecutive patients with diabetes admitted for unstable angina or non-Q-wave myocardial infarction to a university hospital during 1988–98.
Methods and results A total of 713 consecutive patients with diabetes were included. During 2 years of follow-up, 242 (34%) patients died. All analyses were retrospective using prospectively collected clinical data. The primary study endpoint was 2 year all-cause mortality collected from the Swedish cause-specific mortality register. In unadjusted analyses, high admission blood glucose (highest vs. lowest quartile: hazard ratio (HR) 2.66; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.83, 3.86) and hypoglycaemia recorded during hospitalization (hypoglycaemia vs. normal: HR 1.77; 95% CI 1.09, 2.86) were both significantly associated with increased 2 year all-cause mortality risk. These associations remained significant after multivariable adjustment.
Conclusion In the setting of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) among patients with diabetes, hyperglycaemia on arrival and hypoglycaemia during hospitalization are both independently associated with worse adjusted all-cause 2 year mortality risk. These observations suggest that the avoidance of both hyper- and hypoglycaemia during ACS events may be of similar importance, and glucose modulation remains an important objective to address in future randomized trials.
Key Words: Diabetes mellitus • Prognosis • Unstable angina pectoris • Non-Q-wave myocardial infarction • Hyperglycaemia • Hypoglycaemia
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