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European Heart Journal Advance Access originally published online on June 28, 2007
European Heart Journal 2007 28(18):2195-2199; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehm225
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© The European Society of Cardiology 2007. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Acute chromosomal DNA damage in human lymphocytes after radiation exposure in invasive cardiovascular procedures

Maria Grazia Andreassi1,*, Angelo Cioppa2, Samantha Manfredi1, Cataldo Palmieri1, Nicoletta Botto1 and Eugenio Picano1,2

1 CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, G. Pasquinucci Hospital, Via Aurelia Sud-Montepepe, 54100 Massa, Italy
2 Department of Invasive Cardiology, Montevergine Clinic, Mercogliano, Italy

Received 27 February 2007; revised 18 April 2007; accepted 10 May 2007; online publish-ahead-of-print 28 June 2007.

* Corresponding author. Tel: +39 (0) 585 493646; fax: +39 (0) 585 493601. E-mail address: andreas{at}ifc.cnr.it

Aims: We evaluated whether radiation exposure during interventional cardiovascular procedures can induce damage to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Methods and results: Micronucleus assay (MN) was performed as biomarker of chromosomal damage and intermediate endpoint in carcinogenesis. Seventy-two patients (54 males, age = 63.8 ± 10.5 years) undergoing a wide range of radiation exposure during invasive cardiovascular procedures (coronary angiography, n = 9; percutaneous coronary intervention, n = 9; peripheral transluminal angioplasty, n = 37; and cardiac resynchronization therapy, n = 17) were enrolled. MN frequency was evaluated before, 2, and 24 h after the radiation exposure. Dose–area product (DAP; Gy cm2) was assessed as physical measure of radiation load. DAP value was 96.0 ± 63.9 Gy cm2. MN frequency was 15.1 ± 7.1{per thousand} at baseline and showed a significant rise at 2 h (17.5 ± 6.5{per thousand}, P = 0.03) and 24 h (18.5 ± 7.3{per thousand}, P = 0.004) after procedures.

Conclusion: Our results corroborate the current radioprotection assumption that even modest radiation load can damage the DNA of the cell and induce chromosome alterations which are early predictors of increased cancer risk.

Key Words: Interventional cardiology procedures • Radiation exposure • Stochastic risk • DNA damage


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