European Heart Journal Advance Access originally published online on June 9, 2009
European Heart Journal 2009 30(16):1986-1994; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp220
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Long-term myocardial functional improvement after autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells transplantation in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: 4 years follow-up
,*

1 Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
2 Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
3 Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
4 Department of Nuclear medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
Received 2 November 2008; revised 15 April 2009; accepted 4 May 2009; online publish-ahead-of-print 9 June 2009.
* Corresponding author. Tel: +86 29 84773464, Fax: +86 29 84771024, Email: wind8828{at}gmail.com (F.C.), Tel: +86 29 84775183, Fax: +86 29 84773469, Email: wanghc{at}fmmu.edu.cn (H.W.)
Aims: To evaluate the safety profile and efficacy of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) transplantation for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) by assessing patients and their left ventricular function at up to 4 years follow-up.
Methods and results: Eighty-six patients with STEMI who had successfully undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomized to receive intracoronary injection of BMMNC (n = 41) or saline (n = 45). Left ventricular ejection fraction, as evaluated by UCG, was markedly improved at 6 months (0.484 ± 0.5 vs. 0.457 ± 0.6, P = 0.001), 1 year (0.482 ± 0.7 vs. 0.446 ± 0.6, P < 0.001), and 4 years (0.505 ± 0.8 vs. 0.464 ± 0.8, P < 0.001) after BMMNC transplant when compared with control group. However, the current cell therapy did not improve the myocardial viability of the infarcted area as assessed by single-photon emission computed tomography analysis at 4 years post-transplant (0.263 ± 0.007 in BMMNC group vs. 0.281 ± 0.008 in control group, P = 0.10). During the follow-up period, one control group case (2.2%) of in-stent restenosis was confirmed by coronary angiography and underwent repeat PCI. Also during follow-up, one death (2.2%) occurred in the control group, and one patient (2.4%) in the BMMNC group had transient acute heart failure.
Conclusion: This study indicates that intracoronary delivery of autologous BMMNC is safe and feasible for STEMI patients who have undergone PCI, and can lead to long-term improvement in myocardial function.
Key Words: Bone marrow mononuclear cells Cell therapy ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction Percutaneous coronary intervention Left ventricular function
The first three authors contributed equally to the study.
This work was performed in Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
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