Copyright © 1986 by the European Society of Cardiology.
© 1986 The European Society of Cardiology
Dilated cardiomyopathy and the level of alcohol consumption: A planned multicentre case-control study
*Hôpital de la Salpêtriere Paris, Unité 258, INSERM Hôpital Laennec Nantes, Hôpital de Hautepierre Strasbourg, Hôtel-Dieu Rennes, Hôpital Boucicaut Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine Paris, Hôpital Cardiologique Lille, Hôpital de la Timone Marseille and Hôpital Trousseau Tours, France
Received 5 July 1985; revised 6 January 1986; .
Address for reprints and correspondence: Dr M Komajda, Department of Cardiology, Hôpital de la Salgtriire, 47 Boulevard de I'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
Abstract
The association between clinical or environmental factors and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has been assessed in a planned case-control study. Patients and controls were men aged between 20 and 65 years, matched for age, profession and geographic location. DCM was defined by strict radiologic and angiographic criteria excluding multiple-vessel coronary disease. Controls were recruitedfrom the surgical centres after excluding diseases usually linked with alcohol or tobacco consumption. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to ensure adequate techniques for matched pairs.
The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and the exposure to toxic substances, drugs and tobacco was identical in both groups. Alcohol consumption before the onset of first symptoms was higher in patients than in controls (101 vs 64 ml day–1, P<0.001); the excess of consumption concerns all kinds of alcoholic beverage (wine, beer, etc.). The relative risk (RR), estimated from the odds ratio, increased only among heavy drinkers (
110 ml day–1; RR: 7.6, P<0.001) with an independent contribution of both wine (RR: 4.7, P<0.001) and other alcoholic beverages (RR: 4.1, P<0.01).
In conclusion, alcohol is a strong risk factor for DCM, but the excess of risk is limited to heavy drinkers and is independent of the type of beverage.
Key Words: Dilated cardiomyopathy • retrospective study • etiological research • alcohol
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