European Heart Journal Advance Access published online on November 21, 2008
European Heart Journal, doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehn513
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Prognostic value of circulating chromogranin A levels in acute coronary syndromes


1 Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
2 Department of Emergency Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
3 Department of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
4 Faculty Division Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
5 Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
6 AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
7 The Medical Research Laboratories, Medical Department M (Diabetes and Endocrinology), Clinical Institute, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
8 Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
9 Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital N2:01, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
Received 29 March 2008; revised 12 October 2008; accepted 23 October 2008.
* Corresponding author. Tel: +46 8 517 77 510, Fax: +46 8 51773800, Email: kenneth.caidahl{at}ki.se
Aims: To determine whether circulating levels of chromogranin A (CgA) provide prognostic information independently of conventional risk markers in acute coronary syndromes (ACSs).
Methods and results: We measured circulating CgA levels on day 1 in 1268 patients (median age 67 years, 70% male) with ACS admitted to a single coronary care unit of a Scandinavian teaching hospital. The merit of CgA as a biomarker was evaluated after adjusting for conventional cardiovascular risk factors. During a median follow-up of 92 months, 389 patients (31%) died. The baseline CgA concentration was strongly associated with increased long-term mortality [hazard ratio per 1 standard deviation increase in logarithmically transformed CgA level: 1.57 (1.44–1.70), P < 0.001], heart failure hospitalizations [1.54 (1.35–1.76), P < 0.001], and recurrent myocardial infarction (MI) [1.27 (1.10–1.47), P < 0.001], but not stroke. After adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk markers, the association remained significant for mortality [hazard ratio 1.28 (1.15–1.42), P < 0.001] and heart failure hospitalization [hazard ratio 1.24 (1.04–1.47), P = 0.02], but not recurrent MI.
Conclusion: CgA is an independent predictor of long-term mortality and heart failure hospitalizations across the spectrum of ACSs and provides incremental prognostic information to conventional cardiovascular risk markers.
Key Words: Acute coronary syndromes Chromogranin A Troponin T Echocardiography Prognosis
These two authors have contributed equally to the work.
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