European Heart Journal Advance Access originally published online on June 27, 2009
European Heart Journal 2009 30(17):2079-2086; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp260
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three-dimensional imaging of the aortic valve and aortic root with computed tomography: new standards in an era of transcatheter valve repair/implantation
Imaging Institute and Heart & Vascular Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Desk J-1 4, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
Received 14 January 2009; revised 13 April 2009; accepted 13 May 2009; online publish-ahead-of-print 27 June 2009.
* Corresponding author. Tel: +1 216 4457579, Fax: +1 216 6360822, Email: schoenp1{at}ccf.org
Valvular heart disease is a significant, global cause of morbidity and mortality. In the ageing population of industrialized nations, degenerative aortic stenosis has become the most common native valve disorder. Although surgical aortic valve replacement is associated with excellent clinical outcomes, a large number of patients with severe aortic stenosis are not considered surgical candidates. These patients have poor prognosis with continued medical therapy. In this population, catheter-based approaches for valve replacement/insertion show promising initial results. In an era of expanding catheter-based approaches to valve disease, the requirements for peri-operative imaging are evolving. Because of the lack of direct exposure during the procedure, the operator has to rely increasingly on imaging data rather than direct inspection. Novel three-dimensional (3D) imaging modalities, including computed tomography, rapidly acquire volumetric data sets and allow subsequent 3D display and reconstruction in unlimited planes. Procedural planning based on 3D imaging has already become routine for other endovascular procedures including aortic stent grafts, but is in its infancy in the context of transcatheter valve insertion.
Key Words: Aortic root Aortic valve Percutaneous valve repair Transcatheter aortic valve implantation Multi-detector computed tomography Three-dimensional imaging