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European Heart Journal Advance Access originally published online on March 24, 2005
European Heart Journal 2005 26(10):946-948; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi242
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© The European Society of Cardiology 2005. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Advances in understanding the mechanisms of angina pectoris in cardiac syndrome X

John F. Beltrame*

The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, 28 Woodville Rd, Woodville 5011, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

* Corresponding author. Tel: +61 8 8222 7539; fax: +61 8 8222 7201. E-mail address: john.beltrame@adelaide.edu.au

This editorial refers to ‘Abnormal cortical pain processing in patients with cardiac syndrome X’{dagger} by M. Valeriani et al., on page 975

The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below.

Angina pectoris was initially described by Heberden in 1772 and is considered to be the hallmark of ischaemic heart disease. However, with the advent of selective coronary angiography, clinicians were confronted with a conundrum as some patients with ‘unmistakable’ angina had angiographically normal epicardial coronary arteries. This apparent disparity between the clinical symptoms and the angiographic findings appeared to be resolved when it was demonstrated that affected patients had electrocardiographic and metabolic evidence of ischaemia. Thus, it was hypothesized that the angina experienced by these patients was due to myocardial ischaemia secondary to coronary microvascular dysfunction. This new disorder was referred to as cardiac syndrome X and is typically characterized by exertional angina, electrocardiographic evidence of ischaemia on stress testing, angiographically smooth epicardial coronary arteries, and no other recognized . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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Related articles in EHJ:

Abnormal cortical pain processing in patients with cardiac syndrome X
Massimiliano Valeriani, Alfonso Sestito, Domenica Le Pera, Liala De Armas, Fabio Infusino, Toni Maiese, Gregory Angelo Sgueglia, Pietro Attilio Tonali, Filippo Crea, Domenico Restuccia, and Gaetano Antonio Lanza
EHJ 2005 26: 975-982. [Abstract] [Full Text]