Skip Navigation

European Heart Journal 2001 22(13):1082-1101; doi:10.1053/euhj.2000.2534
Copyright © 2001 by the European Society of Cardiology.
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Search for citing articles in:
ISI Web of Science (32)
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Hemingway, H.
Right arrow Articles by Marmot, M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Hemingway, H.
Right arrow Articles by Marmot, M.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

Reviews

Social and psychosocial influences on sudden cardiac death, ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac autonomic function

H. Hemingwaya,b,f1, M. Malikc and M. Marmota

a International Centre for Health and Society, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London Medical School, London, U.K.
b Department of Research and Development, Kensington & Chelsea and Westminster Health Authority, London, U.K.
c Department of Cardiological Sciences, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, U.K.

revised November 7, 2000; accepted November 8, 2000

f1 Correspondence: Harry Hemingway, International Centre for Health and Society, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London Medical School, 1–19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.

References

  1. Escobedo LG, Zack MM. Comparison of sudden and nonsudden coronary deaths in the United States. Circulation. 1996;93:2033–2036[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  2. Thomas AC, Knapman PA, Krikler DM, Davies MJ. Community study of the causes of natural death. BMJ. 1988;297:1453–1456[ISI][Medline]
  3. Davies MJ, Thomas A. Thrombosis and acute coronary-artery lesions in sudden cardiac ischemic death. N Engl J Med. 1984;310:1137–1140[Abstract]
  4. Kannel WB, Anderson K, McGee DL, Degatano LS, Stampfer MJ. Nonspecific electrocardiographic abnormality as a predictor of coronary heart disease: the Framingham study. Am Heart J. 1987;113:370–376[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  5. Meredith IT, Broughton A, Jennings GL, Esler MD. Evidence of a selective increase in cardiac sympathetic activity in patients with sustained ventricular arrhythmias [see comments]. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:618–624[Abstract]
  6. Barron HV, Lesh MD. Autonomic nervous system and sudden cardiac death [published erratum appears in J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; Jul; 28(1): 286]. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;27:1053–1060[Abstract]
  7. Kaplan GA, Keil JE. Socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature. Circulation. 1993;88:1973–1998[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  8. Marmot MG, Rose G, Shipley M, Hamilton PJS. Employment grade and coronary heart disease in British civil servants. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1978;32:244–249[Abstract]
  9. Marmot MG, Bosma H, Hemingway H, Brunner E, Stansfeld S. Contribution of job control and other risk factors to social variations in coronary heart disease. Lancet. 1997;350:235–240[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  10. Hemingway H, Marmot M. Psychosocial factors in the aetiology and prognosis of coronary heart disease: systematic review of prospective cohort studies. BMJ. 1999;318:1460–1467[Free Full Text]
  11. Manuck SB, Marsland AL, Kaplan JR, Williams JK. The pathogenicity of behavior and its neuroendocrine mediation: an example from coronary artery disease. Psychosom Med. 1995;57:275–283[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  12. Mittleman MA, Maclure M, Nachnani M, Sherwood JB, Muller JE. Educational attainment, anger and the risk of triggering myocardial infarction onset. The Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study Investigators. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:769–775[Abstract]
  13. Skinner JE, Lie JT, Entman ML. Modification of ventricular fibrillation latency following coronary artery occlusion in the conscious pig. Circulation. 1975;51:656–667[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  14. Skinner JE, Reed JC. Blockade of frontocortical-brain stem pathway prevents ventricular fibrillation of ischemic heart. Am J Physiol. 1981;240:H156–163[ISI][Medline]
  15. Eisermann K. Long-term heartrate responses to social stress in wild European rabbits: predominant effect of rank position. Physiol Behav. 1992;52:33–36[CrossRef][Medline]
  16. Candland DK, Bryan DC, Nazar BL, Kopf KJ, Sendor M. Squirrel monkey heart rate during formation of status orders. J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1970;70:417–423[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  17. Cherkovich GM, Tatoyan SK. Heart rate (radiotelemetrical registration) in macaques and baboons according to dominant-submissive rank in a group. Folia Primatol (Basel). 1973;20:265–273[Medline]
  18. Holst D. Social relations and their health impact in tree shrews. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1997;640:77–82[Medline]
  19. Kagan A, Yano K, Reed DM, MacLean CJ. Predictors of sudden cardiac death among Hawaiian-Japanese men [see comments]. Am J Epidemiol. 1989;130:268–277[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  20. Kawachi I, Colditz GA, Ascherio A. Prospective study of phobic anxiety and risk of coronary heart disease in men. Circulation. 1994;89:1992–1997[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  21. Kawachi I, Sparrow D, Vokonas PS, Weiss ST. Symptoms of anxiety and risk of coronary heart disease. Circulation. 1994;90:2225–2229[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  22. Cebelin MS, Hirsch CS. Human stress cardiomyopathy. Myocardial lesions in victims of homicidal assaults without internal injuries. Hum Pathol. 1980;11:123–132[ISI][Medline]
  23. Talbott E, Kuller LH, Perper J, Murphy PA. Sudden unexpected death in women: biologic and psychosocial origins. Am J Epidemiol. 1981;114:671–682[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  24. Leor J, Poole WK, Kloner RA. Sudden cardiac death triggered by an earthquake [see comments]. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:413–419[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  25. Meisel SR, Kutz I, Dayan KI. Effect of Iraqi missile war on incidence of acute myocardial infarction and sudden death in Israeli civilians [see comments]. Lancet. 1991;338:660–661[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  26. Weisenberg D, Meisel SR, David D. Sudden death among the Israeli civilian population during the Gulf War— incidence and mechanisms. Isr J Med Sci. 1996;32:95–99[ISI][Medline]
  27. Rabkin SW, Mathewson FA, Tate RB. Chronobiology of cardiac sudden death in men. JAMA. 1980;244:1357–1358[Abstract]
  28. Beard CM, Fuster V, Elveback LR. Daily and seasonal variation in sudden cardiac death, Rochester, Minnesota, 1950–1975. Mayo Clin Proc. 1982;57:704–706[ISI][Medline]
  29. Willich SN, Maclure M, Mittleman M, Arntz HR, Muller JE. Sudden cardiac death. Support for a role of triggering in causation. Circulation. 1993;87:1442–1450[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  30. Brackett CD, Powell LH. Psychosocial and physiological predictors of sudden cardiac death after healing of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 1988;61:979–983[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  31. Follick MJ, Ahern DK, Gorkin L. Relation of psychosocial and stress reactivity variables to ventricular arrhythmias in the Cardiac Arrhythmia Pilot Study (CAPS). Am J Cardiol. 1990;66:63–67[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  32. Toivonen L, Helenius K, Viitasalo M. Electrocardiographic repolarization during stress from awakening on alarm call. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;30:774–779[Abstract]
  33. Hemingway H, Shipley M, Macfarlane PW, Marmot M. Impact of socioeconomic status on coronary mortality in people with symptoms, electrocardiographic abnormalities, both or neither: the original Whitehall study 25 year follow up. J Epidemiol Comm Health. 2000;54:510–516[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  34. Reich P, DeSilva RA, Lown B, Murawski BJ. Acute psychological disturbances preceding life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. JAMA. 1981;246:233–235[Abstract]
  35. Brodsky MA, Sato DA, Iseri LT, Wolff LJ, Allen BJ. Ventricular tachyarrhythmia associated with psychological stress. The role of the sympathetic nervous system. JAMA. 1987;257:2064–2067[Abstract]
  36. Kennedy GJ, Hoffer MA, Cohen D, Shindledecker R, Fisher JD. Significance of depression and cognitive impairment in patients undergoing programed stimulation of cardiac arrhythmias. Psychosom Med. 1987;49:410–421[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  37. Malik M, Camm AJ. Heart rate variability. Clin Cardiol. 1990;13:570–576[ISI][Medline]
  38. Farrell TG, Paul V, Cripps TR, Malik M, Bennett ED, Ward D. Baroreflex sensitivity and electrophysiological correlates in patients after acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1991;83:945–952[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  39. Samuels MA. Introduction to neurocardiology. Mathias CJ, Bannister R. Autonomic failure. A textbook of clinical disorders of the autonomic nervous system. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1999. p. 421–427
  40. Reaven GM, Lithell H, Landsberg L. Hypertension and associated metabolic abnormalities—the role of insulin resistance and the sympathoadrenal system. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:374–381[Free Full Text]
  41. Brunner EJ, Marmot MG, Nanchahal K. Social inequality in coronary risk: central obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Evidence from the Whitehall II study. Diabetologia. 1997;40:1341–1349[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  42. Gillum RF. The epidemiology of resting heart rate in a national sample of men and women: associations with hypertension, coronary heart disease, blood pressure, and other cardiovascular risk factors. Am Heart J. 1988;116:163–174[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  43. Unden AL, Orth-Gomer K, Elofsson S. Cardiovascular effects of social support in the work place: twenty-four-hour ECG monitoring of men and women. Psychosom Med. 1991;53:50–60[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  44. Bigger JT, Fleiss JL, Rolnitzky LM, Steinman RC. The ability of several short-term measures of RR variability to predict mortality after myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1993;88:927–934[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  45. Liao D, Cai J, Rosamond WD. Cardiac autonomic function and incident coronary heart disease: a population-based case-cohort study. The ARIC Study. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1997;145:696–706[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  46. Dekker JM, Schouten EG, Klootwijk P, Pool J, Swenne CA, Kromhout D. Heart rate variability from short electrocardiographic recordings predicts mortality from all causes in middle-aged and elderly men: the Zutphen Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1997;145:899–908[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  47. Circulation. 1996;93:1043–1065[Free Full Text]
  48. Kageyama T, Nishikido N, Kobayashi T, Kurokawa Y, Kaneko T, Kabuto M. Self-reported sleep quality, job stress, and daytime autonomic activities assessed in terms of short-term heart rate variability among male white-collar workers. Ind Health. 1998;36:263–272[ISI][Medline]
  49. Myrtek M, Fichtler A, Strittmatter M, Brugner G. Stress and strain of blue and white collar workers during work and leisure time: results of psychophysiological and behavioral monitoring. Appl Ergon. 1999;30:341–351[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  50. De Meersman R, Reisman S, Daum M, Zorowitz R. Vagal withdrawal as a function of audience. Am J Physiol. 1996;270:H1381–1383[Medline]
  51. Horsten M, Ericson M, Perski A, Wamala SP, Schenck-Gustafsson K, Orth-Gomer K. Psychosocial factors and heart rate variability in healthy women. Psychosom Med. 1999;61:49–57[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  52. Watkins LL, Grossman P, Krishnan R, Blumenthal JA. Anxiety reduces baroreflex cardiac control in older adults with major depression. Psychosom Med. 1999;61:334–340[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  53. Watkins LL, Grossman P. Association of depressive symptoms with reduced baroreflex cardiac control in coronary artery disease. Am Heart J. 1999;137:453–457[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  54. Lown B, Verrier R, Corbalan R. Psychologic stress and threshold for repetitive ventricular response. Science. 1973;182:834–836[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  55. Corbalan R, Verrier R, Lown B. Psychological stress and ventricular arrhythmias during myocardial infarction in the conscious dog. Am J Cardiol. 1974;34:692–696[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  56. Johansson G, Jonsson L, Lannek N, Blomgren L, Lindberg P, Poupa O. Severe stress-cardiopathy in pigs. Am Heart J. 1974;87:451–457[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  57. Corley KC, Shiel FO, Mauck HP, Clark LS, Barber JH. Myocardial degeneration and cardiac arrest in squirrel monkey: physiological and psychological correlates. Psychophysiology. 1977;14:322–328[ISI][Medline]
  58. Liang B, Verrier RL, Melman J, Lown B. Correlation between circulating catecholamine levels and ventricular vulnerability during psychological stress in conscious dogs. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1979;161:266–269[Medline]
  59. Natelson BH, Cagin NA. Stress-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Psychosom Med. 1979;41:259–262[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  60. Verrier RL, Lown B. Experimental studies of psychophysiological factors in sudden cardiac death. Acta Med Scand Suppl. 1982;660:57–68[Medline]
  61. Sgoifo A, Stilli D, Aimi B, Parmigiani S, Manghi M, Musso E. Behavioral and electrocardiographic responses to social stress in male rats. Physiol Behav. 1994;55:209–216[CrossRef][Medline]
  62. Sgoifo A, De Boer SF, Westenbroek C. Incidence of arrhythmias and heart rate variability in wild-type rats exposed to social stress. Am J Physiol. 1997;273:H1754–1760[ISI][Medline]
  63. Sgoifo A, De Boer SF, Buwalda B. Vulnerability to arrhythmias during social stress in rats with different sympathovagal balance. Am J Physiol. 1998;275:H460–466[Medline]
  64. Greene WA, Goldstein S, Moss AJ. Psychosocial aspects of sudden death. A preliminary report. Arch Intern Med. 1972;129:725–731[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  65. Rahe RH, Bennett L, Romo M, Siltanen P, Arthur RJ. Subjects' recent life changes and coronary heart disease in Finland. Am J Psychiatry. 1973;130:1222–1226[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  66. Myers A, Dewar HA. Circumstances attending 100 sudden deaths from coronary artery disease with coroner's necropsies. Br Heart J. 1975;37:1133–1143[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  67. Talbott E, Kuller LH, Detre K, Perper J. Biologic and psychosocial risk factors of sudden death from coronary disease in white women. Am J Cardiol. 1977;39:858–864[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  68. Rissanen V, Romo M, Siltanen P. Prehospital sudden death from ischaemic heart disease. A postmortem study. Br Heart J. 1978;40:1025–1033[Free Full Text]
  69. Cottington EM, Matthews KA, Talbott E, Kuller LH. Environmental events preceding sudden death in women. Psychosom Med. 1980;42:567–574[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  70. Kirschner RH, Eckner FA, Baron RC. The cardiac pathology of sudden, unexplained nocturnal death in Southeast Asian refugees. JAMA. 1986;256:2700–2705[Abstract]
  71. Strogatz DS, Siscovick DS, Weiss NS, Rennert G. Wife's level of education and husband's risk of primary cardiac arrest. Am J Public Health. 1988;78:1491–1493[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  72. Sexton PT, Jamrozik K, Walsh J. Sudden unexpected cardiac death among Tasmanian men. Med J Aust. 1993;159:467–470[ISI][Medline]
  73. Hinkle LE Jr, Thaler HT, Merke DP, Renier-Berg D, Morton NE. The risk factors for arrhythmic death in a sample of men followed for 20 years. Am J Epidemiol. 1988;127:500–515[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  74. Bruhn JG, Paredes A, Adsett CA, Wolf S. Psychological predictors of sudden death in myocardial infarction. J Psychosom Res. 1974;18:187–191[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  75. Weinblatt E, Ruberman W, Goldberg JD, Frank CW, Shapiro S, Chaudhary BS. Relation of education to sudden death after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1978;299:60–65[Abstract]
  76. Ruberman W, Weinblatt E, Goldberg JD, Chaudhary BS. Education, psychosocial stress and sudden cardiac death. J Chronic Dis. 1983;36:151–160[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  77. Ruberman W, Weinblatt E, Goldberg JD, Chaudhary BS. Psychosocial influences on mortality after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1984;311:552–559[Abstract]
  78. Ahern DK, Gorkin L, Anderson JL. Biobehavioral variables and mortality or cardiac arrest in the Cardiac Arrhythmia Pilot Study (CAPS). Am J Cardiol. 1990;66:59–62[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  79. Thomas SA, Friedmann E, Wimbush F, Schron E. Psychological factors and survival in the cardiac arrhythmia suppression trial (CAST): a reexamination. Am J Crit Care. 1997;6:116–126[Abstract]
  80. Taggart P, Carruthers M, Somerville W. Electrocardiogram, plasma catecholamines and lipids, and their modification by oxyprenolol when speaking before an audience. Lancet. 1973;2:341–346[ISI][Medline]
  81. Cook TC, Cashman PM. Stress and ectopic beats in ships' pilots. J Psychosom Res. 1982;26:559–569[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  82. Rainey JM Jr, Pohl RB, Bilolikar SG. The QT interval in drug-free depressed patients. J Clin Psychiatry. 1982;43:39–40[ISI][Medline]
  83. Hijzen TH, Slangen JL. The electrocardiogram during emotional and physical stress. Int J Psychophysiol. 1985;2:273–279[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  84. Katz C, Martin RD, Landa B, Chadda KD. Relationship of psychologic factors to frequent symptomatic ventricular arrhythmia. Am J Med. 1985;78:589–594[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  85. Huang MH, Ebey J, Wolf S. Responses of the QT interval of the electrocardiogram during emotional stress. Psychosom Med. 1989;51:419–427[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  86. Lown B, Temte JV, Reich P, Gaughan C, Regestein Q, Hal H. Basis for recurring ventricular fibrillation in the absence of coronary heart disease and its management. N Engl J Med. 1976;294:623–629[Abstract]
  87. Lynch JJ, Thomas SA, Paskewitz DA, Katcher AH, Weir LO. Human contact and cardiac arrhythmia in a coronary care unit. Psychosom Med. 1977;39:188–192[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  88. Lown B, DeSilva RA. Roles of psychologic stress and autonomic nervous system changes in provocation of ventricular premature complexes. Am J Cardiol. 1978;41:979–985[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  89. Donlon PT, Meadow A, Amsterdam E. Emotional stress as a factor in ventricular arrhythmias. Psychosomatics. 1979;20:233–240[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  90. Orth-Gomer K, Edwards ME, Erhardt L, Sjogren A, Theorell T. Relation between ventricular arrhythmias and psychological profile. Acta Med Scand. 1980;207:31–36[ISI][Medline]
  91. Graboys TB. Celtics fever: playoff-induced ventricular arrhythmia [letter]. N Engl J Med. 1981;305:467–468[ISI][Medline]
  92. Krantz DS, Arabian JM, Davia JE, Parker JS. Type A behavior and coronary artery bypass surgery: intraoperative blood pressure and perioperative complications. Psychosom Med. 1982;44:273–284[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  93. Freeman AM, Fleece L, Folks DG, Cohen-Cole S, Waldo A. Psychiatric symptoms, type A behavior, and arrhythmias following coronary bypass. Psychosomatics. 1984;25:586–589[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  94. Jennings JR, Follansbee WP. Type A and ectopy in patients with coronary artery disease and controls. J Psychosom Res. 1984;28:49–54[Medline]
  95. Tavazzi L, Zotti AM, Rondanelli R. The role of psychologic stress in the genesis of lethal arrhythmias in patients with coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J. 1986;7:99–106
  96. Follick MJ, Gorkin L, Capone RJ. Psychological distress as a predictor of ventricular arrhythmias in a post-myocardial infarction population. Am Heart J. 1988;116:32–36[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  97. Hatton DC, Gilden ER, Edwards ME, Cutler J, Kron J, McAnulty JH. Psychophysiological factors in ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. J Psychosom Res. 1989;33:621–631[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  98. Moss AJ, Schwartz PJ, Crampton RS. The long QT syndrome. Prospective longitudinal study of 328 families. Circulation. 1991;84:1136–1144[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  99. Carney RM, Freedland KE, Rich MW, Smith LJ, Jaffe AS. Ventricular tachycardia and psychiatric depression in patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Med. 1993;95:23–28[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  100. Rohmert W, Laurig W, Philipp U, Luczak H. Heart rate variability and work-load measurement. Ergonomics. 1973;16:33–44[Medline]
  101. Sekiguchi C, Handa Y, Gotoh M, Kurihara Y, Nagasawa Y, Kuroda I. Frequency analysis of heart rate variability under flight conditions. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1979;50:625–634[Medline]
  102. Bronis M, Vicenik K, Rosik V, Tysler M. Heart rhythm variability during work in radio speakers. Act Nerv Super (Praha). 1980;22:66–68[Medline]
  103. Mulders HP, Meijman TF, O'Hanlon JF, Mulder G. Differential psychophysiological reactivity of city bus drivers. Ergonomics. 1982;25:1003–1011[Medline]
  104. Kamada T, Miyake S, Kumashiro M, Monou H, Inoue K. Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in Type As and Type Bs during mental workload. Psychosom Med. 1992;54:462–470[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  105. Toivanen H, Lansimies E, Jokela V, Hanninen O. Impact of regular relaxation training on the cardiac autonomic nervous system of hospital cleaners and bank employees. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1993;19:319–325[ISI][Medline]
  106. Sloan RP, Shapiro PA, Bigger JT, Bagiella E, Steinman RC, Gorman JM. Cardiac autonomic control and hostility in healthy subjects. Am J Cardiol. 1994;74:298–300[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  107. Kawachi I, Sparrow D, Vokonas PS, Weiss ST. Decreased heart rate variability in men with phobic anxiety (data from the Normative Aging Study). Am J Cardiol. 1995;75:882–885[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  108. McCraty, R, Atkinson, M, Tiller, WA, Rein, G, Watkins, AD, The effects of emotions on short-term power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability [published erratum appears inAm J Cardiol, 1996 Feb 1, 77, 330, Am J Cardiol, 1995, 76, 1089, 93
  109. Myrtek M, Weber D, Brugner G, Muller W. Occupational stress and strain of female students: results of physiological, behavioral, and psychological monitoring. Biol Psychol. 1996;42:379–391[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  110. Kageyama T, Nishikido N, Kobayashi T, Kurokawa Y, Kaneko T, Kabuto M. Long commuting time, extensive overtime, and sympathodominant state assessed in terms of short-term heart rate variability among male white- collar workers in the Tokyo megalopolis. Ind Health. 1998;36:209–217[ISI][Medline]
  111. Sato N, Kamada T, Miyake S, Akatsu J, Kumashiro M, Kume Y. Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in type A females during a psychomotor task. J Psychosom Res. 1998;45:159–169[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  112. Watkins LL, Grossman P, Krishnan R, Sherwood A. Anxiety and vagal control of heart rate. Psychosom Med. 1998;60:498–502[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  113. Yeragani VK, Pohl R, Balon R. Heart rate variability in patients with major depression. Psychiatry Res. 1991;37:35–46[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  114. Yeragani VK, Pohl R, Berger R. Decreased heart rate variability in panic disorder patients: a study of power-spectral analysis of heart rate. Psychiatry Res. 1993;46:89–103[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  115. Rechlin T, Weis M, Spitzer A, Kaschka WP. Are affective disorders associated with alterations of heart rate variability? J Affect Disord. 1994;32:271–275[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  116. Klein E, Cnaani E, Harel T, Braun S, Ben-Haim SA. Altered heart rate variability in panic disorder patients. Biol Psychiatry. 1995;37:18–24[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  117. Mezzacappa E, Tremblay RE, Kindlon D. Relationship of aggression and anxiety to autonomic regulation of heart rate variability in adolescent males. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1996;794:376–379[ISI][Medline]
  118. Thayer JF, Friedman BH, Borkovec TD. Autonomic characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder and worry. Biol Psychiatry. 1996;39:255–266[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  119. Bonnet MH, Arand DL. Heart rate variability in insomniacs and matched normal sleepers. Psychosom Med. 1998;60:610–615[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  120. Carney RM, Rich MW, teVelde A, Saini J, Clark K, Freedland KE. The relationship between heart rate, heart rate variability and depression in patients with coronary artery disease. J Psychosom Res. 1988;32:159–164[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  121. Carney RM, Saunders RD, Freedland KE, Stein P, Rich MW, Jaffe AS. Association of depression with reduced heart rate variability in coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1995;76:562–564[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
  122. Krittayaphong R, Cascio WE, Light KC. Heart rate variability in patients with coronary artery disease: differences in patients with higher and lower depression scores. Psychosom Med. 1997;59:231–235[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  123. Salonen JT, Alfthan G, Pikkarainen J. Association between cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction and serum selenium in a matched-pair longitudinal study. Lancet. 1982;2:175–179[ISI][Medline]

Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 NEJMHome page
U. Wilbert-Lampen, D. Leistner, S. Greven, T. Pohl, S. Sper, C. Volker, D. Guthlin, A. Plasse, A. Knez, H. Kuchenhoff, et al.
Cardiovascular Events during World Cup Soccer
N. Engl. J. Med., January 31, 2008; 358(5): 475 - 483.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
Developed in Collaboration With the European Heart, D. P. Zipes, A. J. Camm, M. Borggrefe, A. E. Buxton, B. Chaitman, M. Fromer, G. Gregoratos, G. Klein, A. J. Moss, et al.
ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death)
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 5, 2006; 48(5): e247 - e346.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EuropaceHome page
Writing Committee Members, D. P. Zipes, A. J. Camm, M. Borggrefe, A. E. Buxton, B. Chaitman, M. Fromer, G. Gregoratos, G. Klein, A. J. Moss, et al.
ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death) Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society
Europace, September 1, 2006; 8(9): 746 - 837.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HeartHome page
P C Strike, L Perkins-Porras, D L Whitehead, J McEwan, and A Steptoe
Triggering of acute coronary syndromes by physical exertion and anger: clinical and sociodemographic characteristics
Heart, August 1, 2006; 92(8): 1035 - 1040.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
G. Saposnik, A. Baibergenova, J. Dang, and V. Hachinski
Does a birthday predispose to vascular events?
Neurology, July 25, 2006; 67(2): 300 - 304.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Psychosom. Med.Home page
A. Steptoe and M. Marmot
Psychosocial, Hemostatic, and Inflammatory Correlates of Delayed Poststress Blood Pressure Recovery
Psychosom Med, July 1, 2006; 68(4): 531 - 537.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
H. Hemingway, M. Shipley, E. Brunner, A. Britton, M. Malik, and M. Marmot
Does Autonomic Function Link Social Position to Coronary Risk?: The Whitehall II Study
Circulation, June 14, 2005; 111(23): 3071 - 3077.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Psychosom. Med.Home page
R. D. Lane, C. Laukes, F. I. Marcus, M. A. Chesney, L. Sechrest, K. Gear, C. L. Fort, S. G. Priori, P. J. Schwartz, and A. Steptoe
Psychological Stress Preceding Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation
Psychosom Med, May 1, 2005; 67(3): 359 - 365.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Psychosom. Med.Home page
P. Taggart, P. Sutton, C. Redfern, V. N. Batchvarov, K. Hnatkova, M. Malik, U. James, and A. Joseph
The Effect of Mental Stress on the Non-Dipolar Components of the T Wave: Modulation by Hypnosis
Psychosom Med, May 1, 2005; 67(3): 376 - 383.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Int J EpidemiolHome page
R. P Sloan, M.-H. Huang, S. Sidney, K. Liu, O D. Williams, and T. Seeman
Socioeconomic status and health: is parasympathetic nervous system activity an intervening mechanism?
Int. J. Epidemiol., April 1, 2005; 34(2): 309 - 315.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Psychosom. Med.Home page
P. C. Strike and A. Steptoe
Behavioral and Emotional Triggers of Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Critique
Psychosom Med, March 1, 2005; 67(2): 179 - 186.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HeartHome page
K H Mak, J D Kark, K S Chia, L L Sim, B H Foong, Z P Ding, R Kam, and S K Chew
Ethnic variations in female vulnerability after an acute coronary event
Heart, June 1, 2004; 90(6): 621 - 626.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
P.C Strike and A Steptoe
Systematic review of mental stress-induced myocardial ischaemia
Eur. Heart J., April 2, 2003; 24(8): 690 - 703.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
V. Pignay-Demaria, F. Lesperance, R. G. Demaria, N. Frasure-Smith, and L. P. Perrault
Depression and anxiety and outcomes of coronary artery bypass surgery
Ann. Thorac. Surg., January 1, 2003; 75(1): 314 - 321.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
E.J. Brunner, H. Hemingway, B.R. Walker, M. Page, P. Clarke, M. Juneja, M.J. Shipley, M. Kumari, R. Andrew, J.R. Seckl, et al.
Adrenocortical, Autonomic, and Inflammatory Causes of the Metabolic Syndrome: Nested Case-Control Study
Circulation, November 19, 2002; 106(21): 2659 - 2665.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Search for citing articles in:
ISI Web of Science (32)
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Hemingway, H.
Right arrow Articles by Marmot, M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Hemingway, H.
Right arrow Articles by Marmot, M.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?