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European Heart Journal 2001 22(15):1256-1306; doi:10.1053/euhj.2001.2739
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Task Force Report

Guidelines on management (diagnosis and treatment) of syncope

Task Force on Syncope, European Society of Cardiology, M Brignole, MD FESC, Chairmana,f1, P Alboni, MDb, D Benditt, MDc, L Bergfeldt, MD FESCd, J.J Blanc, MD FESCe, P.E Bloch Thomsen, MDf, J.G van Dijk, MDg, A Fitzpatrick, MDh, S Hohnloser, MD FESCi, J Janousek, MDj, W Kapoor, MDk, R.A Kenny, MDl, P Kulakowski, MD FESCm, A Moya, MD FESCn, A Raviele, MD FESCo, R Sutton, DscMed FESCp, G Theodorakis, MD FESCq and W Wieling, MDr

a Department of Cardiology and Arrhythmologic Centre, Ospedali Riuniti, Lavagna, Italy
b Divisione di Cardiologia, Ospedale Civile, Cento, Italy
c Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, U.S.A.
d Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia Service, Department of Cardiology, Thoracic Clinics, Karolinska Hospital, Stockolm, Sweden
e Departement de Cardiologie, Hopital de la Cavale Blanche, CHU de Brest, France
f Department of Cardiology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
g Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
h Manchester Heart Centre, Royal Infirmary Manchester, UK
i Medizinische Klinik IV, Kardiologie Klinicum der JW Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
j Kardiocentrum, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
k Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
l Institute for the Health of the Elderly, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
m Department of Cardiology, Med. Centre of Postgraduate Education, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
n Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
o Divisione di Cardiologia, Ospedale Umberto I, Mestre-Venice, Italy
p Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, U.K.
q 2° Department of Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
r Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Abstract

No Abstract

f1 Correspondence: Michele Brignole, MD, FESC, Department of Cardiology and Arrhythmologic Centre, Ospedali Riuniti, 16033 Lavagna, Italy.

This document has been reviewed by members of the Committee for Practice Guidelines (formerly Committee for Scientific and Clinical Initiatives) and by the members of the Board of the European Society of Cardiology (see Appendix 1), who approved the document on 8 March 2001. The full text of this document is available on the website of the European Society of Cardiology in the section ‘Scientific Information’, Guidelines.

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R. Garcia-Civera, R. Ruiz-Granell, S. Morell-Cabedo, R. Sanjuan-Manez, F. Perez-Alcala, E. Plancha, A. Navarro, S. Botella, and A. LLacer
Selective use of diagnostic tests inpatients with syncope of unknown cause
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 5, 2003; 41(5): 787 - 790.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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D. G. Benditt and M. Brignole
Syncope: is a diagnosis a diagnosis?
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 5, 2003; 41(5): 791 - 794.
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L. Bergfeldt
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF CARDIOGENIC SYNCOPE AND SEIZURE DISORDERS
Heart, March 1, 2003; 89(3): 353 - 358.
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 BMJHome page
R. Maas, R. Ventura, C. Kretzschmar, A. Aydin, and A. Schuchert
Syncope, driving recommendations, and clinical reality: survey of patients
BMJ, January 4, 2003; 326(7379): 21 - 21.
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 EuropaceHome page
D. G. Benditt, C. Ermis, B. Padanilam, N. Samniah, and S. Sakaguchi
Catecholamine response during haemodynamically stable upright posture in individuals with and without tilt-table induced vasovagal syncope
Europace, January 1, 2003; 5(1): 65 - 70.
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M. Disertori, M. Brignole, C. Menozzi, A. Raviele, P. Rizzon, M. Santini, A. Proclemer, C. Tomasi, A. Rossillo, F. Taddei, et al.
Management of patients with syncope referred urgently to general hospitals
Europace, January 1, 2003; 5(3): 283 - 291.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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M. Brignole, M. Disertori, C. Menozzi, A. Raviele, P. Alboni, M. V. Pitzalis, P. Delise, E. Puggioni, M. Del Greco, V. Malavasi, et al.
Management of syncope referred urgently to general hospitals with and without syncope units
Europace, January 1, 2003; 5(3): 293 - 298.
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D. I. Leftheriotis, G. N. Theodorakis, and D. Th. Kremastinos
Prolonged asystole during head-up tilt testing with clomipramine infusion
Europace, January 1, 2003; 5(3): 313 - 315.
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The Steering Committee of the ISSUE 2 study
International Study on Syncope of Uncertain Etiology 2: the management of patients with suspected or certain neurally mediated syncope after the initial evaluation Rationale and study design
Europace, January 1, 2003; 5(3): 317 - 321.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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M. Brignole, F. Croci, C. Menozzi, A. Solano, P. Donateo, D. Oddone, E. Puggioni, and G. Lolli
Isometric arm counter-pressure maneuvers to abort impending vasovagal syncope
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 4, 2002; 40(11): 2053 - 2059.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 CirculationHome page
C. Schroeder, V. E. Bush, L. J. Norcliffe, F. C. Luft, J. Tank, J. Jordan, and R. Hainsworth
Water Drinking Acutely Improves Orthostatic Tolerance in Healthy Subjects
Circulation, November 26, 2002; 106(22): 2806 - 2811.
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S. M. Romano, M. Chiostri, J. Olivotto, M. Pitzalis, P. Guida, M. Iacoviello, B. Rizzon, C. Forleo, P. Rizzon, F. Massari, et al.
Shortened Head-Up Tilting Test Guided by Systolic Pressure Reductions in Neurocardiogenic Syncope * Response
Circulation, October 8, 2002; 106 (15): e69 - e69.
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F P Sarasin, A-F Junod, D Carballo, S Slama, P-F Unger, and M Louis-Simonet
Role of echocardiography in the evaluation of syncope: a prospective study
Heart, October 1, 2002; 88(4): 363 - 367.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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W. N. Kapoor
Current Evaluation and Management of Syncope
Circulation, September 24, 2002; 106(13): 1606 - 1609.
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C.T. P. Krediet, N. van Dijk, M. Linzer, J. J. van Lieshout, and W. Wieling
Management of Vasovagal Syncope: Controlling or Aborting Faints by Leg Crossing and Muscle Tensing
Circulation, September 24, 2002; 106(13): 1684 - 1689.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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D. G. Benditt and M. Goldstein
Fainting
Circulation, August 27, 2002; 106(9): 1048 - 1050.
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C. Menozzi, M. Brignole, R. Garcia-Civera, A. Moya, G. Botto, L. Tercedor, R. Migliorini, X. Navarro, and on behalf of the International Study on Syncope of
Mechanism of Syncope in Patients With Heart Disease and Negative Electrophysiologic Test
Circulation, June 11, 2002; 105(23): 2741 - 2745.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Eur Heart JHome page
M. Santini and F. Colivicchi
In-hospital management of syncope: the European perspective
Eur. Heart J., May 2, 2002; 23(10): 767 - 768.
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 Eur Heart JHome page
A. Raviele
Tilt-induced asystole: a useful prognostic marker or clinically unrelevant finding?
Eur. Heart J., March 2, 2002; 23(6): 433 - 437.
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