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European Heart Journal 2002 23(5):426; doi:10.1053/euhj.2001.3015
Copyright © 2002 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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Letters to the Editor

Beta-blockers in chronic heart failure

K. Stoschitzky

Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Abteilung für Kardiologie, Auenbruggerplatz 15, A-8036, Graz, Austria

References

  1. Remme WJ, Swedberg K. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2001;22:1527–1560[Free Full Text]
  2. Metra M, Nardi M, Giubbini R, dei Cas L. Effects of short- and long-term carvedilol administration on rest and exercise hemodynamic variables, exercise capacity and clinical conditions in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;24:1678–1687[Abstract]
  3. Krum H, Sackner-Bernstein JD, Goldsmith RL. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the long-term efficacy of carvedilol in patients with severe chronic heart failure. Circulation. 1995;92:1499–1506[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  4. Kukin ML, Kalman J, Charney RH. Prospective, randomized comparison of effect of long-term treatment with metoprolol or carvedilol on symptoms, exercise, ejection fraction, and oxidative stress in heart failure. Circulation. 1999;99:2645–2651[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  5. Sanderson JE, Chan SKW, Yip G. Beta-blockade in heart failure. A comparison of carvedilol with metoprolol. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;34:1522–1528[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  6. Metra M, Giubbini R, Nodari S, Boldi E, Modena MG, dei Cas L. Differential effects of beta-blockers in patients with heart failure. Circulation. 2000;102:546–551[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  7. Genth-Zotz S, Zotz RJ, Sigmund M. Metoprolol in patients with mild to moderate heart failure: effects on ventricular function and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Eur J Heart Fail. 2000;2:175–181[Abstract/Free Full Text]

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This Article
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