Copyright © 2002 by the European Society of Cardiology.
Comparative effects of permanent biventricular and right-univentricular pacing in heart failure patients with chronic atrial fibrillation
a Département de Cardiologie, CHU, Rennes, France
b Department of Cardiology, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, U.K.
c Department of Cardiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
d Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut Levêque, Bordeaux, France
e Department of Cardiology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, U.K.
f Département de Cardiologie, HEGP, Paris, France
g Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille, France
h Clinical Research Department, ELA recherche, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
revised February 18, 2002; accepted February 20, 2002
Abstract
Background One third of chronic heart failure patients have major intraventricular conduction and uncoordinated ventricular contraction. Non-controlled studies suggest that biventricular pacing may improve haemodynamics and well-being by reducing ventricular asynchrony. The aim of this trial was to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of this new therapy in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation.
Methods Fifty nine NYHA class III patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, chronic atrial fibrillation, slow ventricular rate necessitating permanent ventricular pacing, and a wide QRS complex (paced width 
200ms), were implanted with transvenous biventricular-VVIR pacemakers. This single-blind, randomized, controlled, crossover study compared the patients’ parameters, as monitored during two 3-month treatment periods of conventional right-univentricular vs biventricular pacing. The primary end-point was the 6-min walked distance, secondary end-points were peak oxygen uptake, quality-of-life, hospitalizations, patients’ preferred study period and mortality.
Results Because of a higher than expected drop-out rate (42%), only 37 patients completed both crossover phases. In the intention-to-treat analysis, we did not observe a significant difference. However, in the patients with effective therapy the mean walked distance increased by 9·3% with biventricular pacing (374±108 vs 342±103m in univentricular;P =0·05). Peak oxygen uptake increased by 13% (P=0·04). Hospitalizations decreased by 70% and 85% of the patients preferred the biventricular pacing period (P<0·001).
Conclusion As compared with conventional VVIR pacing, effective biventricular pacing seems to improve exercise tolerance in NYHA class III heart failure patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and wide paced-QRS complexes. Further randomized controlled studies are required to definitively validate this therapy in such patients. Copyright 2002 The European Society of Cardiology. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Key Words: Chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation, intraventricular conduction delay, biventricular pacing.
f1 Correspondence: Christophe Leclercq, MD, Département de Cardiologie & Maladies Vasculaires, Centre Cardio-Pneumologique, Hôpital Pontchaillou/CHU, 35033 Rennes cedex, France.
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D. J. Bradley, S. N. Goodman, and N. R. Powe Cardiac Resynchronization for Progressive Heart Failure--Reply JAMA, July 2, 2003; 290(1): 37 - 38. [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. G. F. Cleland and N. Freemantle Cardiac Resynchronization for Progressive Heart Failure JAMA, July 2, 2003; 290(1): 36 - 37. [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. V. Salukhe, M. Y. Henein, and R. Sutton Pacing in heart failure: patient and pacing mode selection Eur. Heart J., June 1, 2003; 24(11): 977 - 986. [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. J. Bradley Combining Resynchronization and Defibrillation Therapies for Heart Failure JAMA, May 28, 2003; 289(20): 2719 - 2721. [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. C. Daubert Introduction to atrial fibrillation and heart failure: a mutually noxious association Europace, January 1, 2003; 5(s1): S1 - S4. [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Cazeau, C. Alonso, G. Jauvert, A. Lazarus, and P. Ritter Cardiac resynchronization therapy Europace, January 1, 2003; 5(s1): S42 - S48. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Brignole A novel use of cardiac pacing to improve cardiac function, quality of life and (hopefully) survival in patients with heart failure and permanent atrial fibrillation Eur. Heart J., November 2, 2002; 23(22): 1732 - 1736. [Full Text] [PDF]
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