European Heart Journal Advance Access originally published online on November 6, 2006
European Heart Journal 2006 27(23):2879-2888; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl336
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Reference right ventricular systolic and diastolic function normalized to age, gender and body surface area from steady-state free precession cardiovascular magnetic resonance
1 Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK
2 Statistics Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
Received 26 June 2006; revised 29 September 2006; accepted 5 October 2006; online publish-ahead-of-print 6 November 2006.
* Corresponding author. Tel: +44 20 7351 8810; fax: +44 20 7351 8816. E-mail address: d.pennell{at}ic.ac.uk
Aims Recent advances in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) include improved image quality with steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequences and advanced post-processing of high temporal resolution ventricular function. We used these techniques to establish the reference values for right ventricular (RV) volumes and function.
Methods and results We studied 120 healthy subjects (60 men, 60 women; from 20 to 80 years) after exclusion of cardiovascular abnormality. Data were generated from SSFP cines, with three-dimensional modelling. Gender, body surface area (BSA), and age were independent predictors of several RV parameters. Normalized RV mass (RVM) and absolute and normalized RV volumes decreased significantly with age, whereas ejection fraction increased. For diastolic variables, absolute and normalized early peak filling rate (PFRE) decreased and absolute and normalized active peak filling rate (PFRA) in males increased, with decreased PFRE/PFRA. Increasing BSA was associated with increased RVM, volumes, and PFRE. Gender significantly influenced absolute and normalized mass and volumes, and absolute and normalized PFRA.
Conclusion These data using state-of-the-art CMR show that normal values of RV systolic and diastolic parameters vary significantly by gender, BSA, and age. Appropriate reference ranges normalized to all three variables should be used in the determination of normality or severity of abnormality of RV dimensions and function.
Key Words: Right ventricle • Normal values • Mass • Volume • Systolic function • Diastolic function
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