European Heart Journal Advance Access originally published online on February 1, 2006
European Heart Journal 2006 27(6):644-646; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi757
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© The European Society of Cardiology 2006. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Prosthesis patient mismatch in aortic valve replacement: possible but pertinent?
Professor of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Received 4 October 2005; revised 6 January 2006; accepted 12 January 2006; online publish-ahead-of-print 1 February 2006.
* Corresponding author. E-mail address: david.taggart@orh.nhs.uk
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
Aortic valve replacement (AVR) is now the second most commonly performed cardiac operation and with an increasingly elderly population, the number of such procedures will inevitably continue to grow.1 In 1978, Rahimtoola2 defined the term prosthesis patient mismatch (PPM) to describe the situation in which the effective orifice area (EOA) of a prosthetic valve, after implantation, is smaller than that of the native valve. Although described nearly three decades ago, there are several reasons why PPM has only more recently become much more openly debated. First, PPM was initially overshadowed by the more immediate issues of operative mortality and major morbidity. Second, by definition, all prosthetic valves must therefore have at least some degree of PPM; over 90% of AVR still use prostheses with a sewing ring, or have struts, hinge mechanisms, and rigid carbon or relatively stiff bioprosthetic leaflets. Third, and most importantly, as moderate aortic stenosis
Four crucial considerations regarding PPM and outcome
PPM and short-term survival following AVR
PPM and cardiac failure following AVR
PPM and long-term survival following AVR
PPM and functional recovery after AVR
Surgical options and risks for avoiding PPM
Summary and conclusions
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