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European Heart Journal Advance Access originally published online on April 10, 2009
European Heart Journal 2009 30(10):1169-1170; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp135
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2009. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Prostate-specific antigen kallikrein: from prostate cancer to cardiovascular system

Salvatore Patanè* and Filippo Marte

Cardiologia Nuovo Presidio Ospedaliero Cutroni Zodda-Barcellona P.d.G(Me) AUSL5 Messina, Via Cattafi, 98051 Barcellona Pozzo di Gotto, Messina, Italy

Received 4 February 2009; revised 5 March 2009; accepted 12 March 2009; online publish-ahead-of-print 10 April 2009.

* Corresponding author. Tel: +39 340 278 3962, Email: patane-{at}libero.it

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), considered only an established marker for the detection of prostate cancer, has been identified as a member (hK3) of the human kallikrein family of serine proteases and now, it is known that PSA is not specific to prostate, semen, and gender. Increased PSA serum levels have been reported also in cardiovascular patients and both elevated as well as diminished PSA have been reported during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Preliminary observations have concluded that when elevation of prostate-specific antigen occurs during AMI, it seems to relate to a higher occurrence of major adverse cardiac events and that coronary lesions are frequent and often more severe than when a diminution of PSA occurs. Large studies need to be done to confirm these preliminary results but the journey of PSA could be longer than expected.

The opinions expressed in this article are not necessarily these of the editors's of the European Heart Journal or of the European Society of Cardiology


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