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European Heart Journal Advance Access originally published online on March 19, 2009
European Heart Journal 2009 30(8):890-899; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp078
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2009. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

From bone marrow to the arterial wall: the ongoing tale of endothelial progenitor cells

Antonio Maria Leone1,*, Marco Valgimigli2, Maria Benedetta Giannico1, Vincenzo Zaccone1, Matteo Perfetti1, Domenico D’Amario1, Antonio Giuseppe Rebuzzi1 and Filippo Crea1

1 Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
2 Institute of Cardiology, University of Ferrara and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, GS, Italy

Received 29 August 2008; revised 16 January 2009; accepted 5 February 2009; online publish-ahead-of-print 19 March 2009.

* Corresponding author. Tel: +39 06 30154178, Fax: +39 06 3055535, Email: antoniomarialeone{at}yahoo.it

Several physiological and pathophysiological stimuli or drugs modulate endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) mobilization. Moreover, levels of circulating EPCs predict cardiovascular risk and left ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction. Nevertheless, our understanding in this field is complicated by lack of an unequivocal definition of EPCs, thus limiting their clinical applications. This review summarizes current knowledge and uncertainties on EPC characterization and mobilization in the attempt to define their role in the management of cardiovascular diseases.

Key Words: Endothelial progenitor cells • Bone marrow-derived stem cells • Acute myocardial infarction • Stem cell mobilization


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