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European Heart Journal 1986 7(12):1022-1029;
Copyright © 1986 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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© 1986 The European Society of Cardiology

Aortic valve orifice equation independent of valvular flow intervals: Application to aortic valve area computation inaortic stenosis and comparison with the Gorlin formula

W. SEITZ, L. OPPENHEIMER*, D. MCILROY{dagger} and J. OPERSCHALL*

Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, School of Medici San Francisco, CA
*Department of Medicine Carle Foundation Hospital, University of Illinois, College of Medic Urbana
{dagger}Division of Cardiology, Carle Foundation Hospital, University of Illinois, College of Medicine Urbana, IL, U.S.A.

revised 7 March 1985; accepted 28 May 1986.

Correspondence: W. Seitz, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143, U.S.A.

Abstract

An orifice equation is derived relating the effective aortic valve area, A, the average aortic valve pressure gradient, dP, the stroke volume,SV, and the heart frequency, FH, through considerations of momentum conservation across the aortic valve. This leads to a formula consistent with Newton's second law of motion. The form of the new equation is A =(7.5 x 10–5) SV FH 2/Pd, where A, Vs, FH and Pd are expressed in cm2, ml, s–1 and mmHg, respectively. Aortic valve areas computed with the new orifice equation are found to correlate with those computed by the Gorlinformula in conditions of resting haemodynamic states at a level of r = 0.86, SE=0.25 cm2, N= 120. The results suggest that the new formula may be considered as an independent orifice equation having a similar domain of validity as the Gorlinformula. The new equation offers the possibility of deriving additional useful haemodynamic relationships through combination with established cardiological formulas and applying it in a noninvasive Doppler ultrasonic or echocardiographic context.

Key Words: Haemodynamics • aortic pressure gradient • aortic valve flow • systolic ejection period


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