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European Heart Journal Advance Access published online on November 30, 2004
European Heart Journal, doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi015
Copyright © 2004 by the European Society of Cardiology.
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Clinical research

Regional differences in the prevalence of pre-eclampsia in relation to the risk factors for coronary artery disease in women in Finland

Risto Kaaja 1*, Tarja Kinnunen 2, and Riitta Luoto 2

1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
2 UKK Institute, PL 30, 33500 Tampere, Finland

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Risto Kaaja, E-mail: risto.kaaja{at}huch.fi


  Abstract

Aims The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of pre-eclampsia in Southern, Eastern, and Northern Finland, and the relationship between history of pre-eclampsia and maternal coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors.

Methods and results Women aged 25-64 years, who participated in a cross-sectional population survey and had been pregnant (n = 3650), were studied. The proportion of women who had ever had pre-eclampsia was lower in Southern (7.9%) compared with Northern Finland (13.9%) (P = 0.001), but did not differ from Eastern Finland (11.1%). In the logistic regression model, the age-adjusted prevalence of pre-eclampsia was 1.92-fold in Northern (95% CI: 1.46-2.53, P < 0.001) and 1.47-fold in Eastern Finland (95% CI: 1.11-1.96, P = 0.008) compared with Southern Finland. The odds ratios (ORs) were 1.70 (95% CI: 1.21-2.38, P = 0.002) and 1.16 (95% CI: 0.82-1.64, P = 0.40), respectively, when adjusted for age at first birth, current age, parity, body mass index (BMI), increased blood cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance, CAD, and mother's myocardial infarction. History of pre-eclampsia was associated with increased blood cholesterol, higher current BMI and blood pressure, and higher current prevalence of hypertension, diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance.

Conclusions Pre-eclampsia is most prevalent in the Northern part of Finland and could only be partly explained by higher prevalence of CAD risk factors.

Keywords: Pre-eclampsia; Regional differences; Coronary artery disease; Risk factors.
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