Skip Navigation



European Heart Journal Advance Access published online on August 25, 2005
European Heart Journal, doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi456
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (Rapid PDF)
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
26/23/2537    most recent
ehi456v1
Right arrow E-letters: Submit a response
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when E-letters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Disclaimer
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Ladwig, K.-H.
Right arrow Articles by Koenig, W.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Ladwig, K.-H.
Right arrow Articles by Koenig, W.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

European Heart Journal © The European Society of Cardiology 2005; all rights reserved
Received December 3, 2004
Revised July 15, 2005
Accepted July 25, 2005

Clinical research

C-reactive protein, depressed mood, and the prediction of coronary heart disease in initially healthy men: results from the MONICA-KORA Augsburg Cohort Study 1984-1998

Karl-Heinz Ladwig 1*, Birgitt Marten-Mittag 2, Hannelore Löwel 3, Angela Döring 3, and Wolfgang Koenig 4

1 GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of München, Germany
2 Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of München, Germany
3 GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
4 Department of Internal Medicine II--Cardiology, University of Ulm, Germany

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Karl-Heinz Ladwig, E-mail: ladwig{at}gsf.de


  Abstract

Aims C-reactive protein and depressive mood (DM) are novel risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). The goal of the present study was to assess possible combined effects of these factors on the prediction of a future fatal and non-fatal coronary event.

Methods and results Baseline highly sensitive (hs) C-reactive protein and DM were analysed in 3021 apparently healthy male subjects aged 45-74 from three subsequent population based surveys (1984-95) of the MONICA-KORA Augsburg Cohort Study. During a median follow-up period of 7.7 years (IQR = 6.9 years), 165 CHD events occurred. Risks of CHD were estimated from Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age and survey and multiple risk factors. The age and survey adjusted interaction term of continuous hs-C-reactive protein by DM disclosed a significant effect (HR 1.03; 95% CI 1.00-1.06; P = 0.037). A stratified analysis of subpopulations with (n = 986) and without (n = 2035) DM revealed that high hs-C-reactive protein (>3 mg/L) was predictive in the group with DM (HR 2.69; 95% CI 1.32-5.47) but was not significant in the low-level depression group (HR 1.55; 95% CI 0.89-2.69). Relative to the low C-reactive protein/no depression subgroup (n = 712), high C-reactive protein/no depression (n = 565) did not significantly predict a future CHD event. However, combined high C-reactive protein and DM (n = 282) significantly predicted future CHD events (HR 2.91; 95% CI 1.25-2.18; P > 0.0001).

Conclusion In apparently healthy men, a DM substantially increases the power of elevated C-reactive protein to predict a subsequent myocardial infarction. Both conditions may share a common underlying mechanism.

Keywords: Myocardial infarction; C-reactive protein; Prediction; Depressed mood.
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Arch Gen PsychiatryHome page
A. H. Glassman, J. T. Bigger Jr, and M. Gaffney
Psychiatric Characteristics Associated With Long-term Mortality Among 361 Patients Having an Acute Coronary Syndrome and Major Depression: Seven-Year Follow-up of SADHART Participants
Arch Gen Psychiatry, September 1, 2009; 66(9): 1022 - 1029.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Psychosom. Med.Home page
S. Su, A. H. Miller, H. Snieder, J. D. Bremner, J. Ritchie, C. Maisano, L. Jones, N. V. Murrah, J. Goldberg, and V. Vaccarino
Common Genetic Contributions to Depressive Symptoms and Inflammatory Markers in Middle-Aged Men: The Twins Heart Study
Psychosom Med, February 1, 2009; 71(2): 152 - 158.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Psychosom. Med.Home page
P. G. Surtees, N. W. J. Wainwright, S. M. Boekholdt, R. N. Luben, N. J. Wareham, and K.-T. Khaw
Major Depression, C-Reactive Protein, and Incident Ischemic Heart Disease in Healthy Men and Women
Psychosom Med, October 1, 2008; 70(8): 850 - 855.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Adv. Psychiatr. Treat.Home page
J. Cavanagh and C. Mathias
Inflammation and its relevance to psychiatry
Adv. Psychiatr. Treat., July 1, 2008; 14(4): 248 - 255.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
H. Nabi, A. Singh-Manoux, M. Shipley, D. Gimeno, M. G. Marmot, and M. Kivimaki
Do Psychological Factors Affect Inflammation and Incident Coronary Heart Disease: The Whitehall II Study
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, July 1, 2008; 28(7): 1398 - 1406.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
C. Pizzi, L. Manzoli, S. Mancini, and G. M. Costa
Analysis of potential predictors of depression among coronary heart disease risk factors including heart rate variability, markers of inflammation, and endothelial function
Eur. Heart J., May 1, 2008; 29(9): 1110 - 1117.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 StrokeHome page
F. J. Carod-Artal
Are Mood Disorders a Stroke Risk Factor?
Stroke, January 1, 2007; 38(1): 1 - 3.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 StrokeHome page
K. J. Salaycik, M. Kelly-Hayes, A. Beiser, A.-H. Nguyen, S. M. Brady, C. S. Kase, and P. A. Wolf
Depressive Symptoms and Risk of Stroke: The Framingham Study
Stroke, January 1, 2007; 38(1): 16 - 21.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.