European Heart Journal Advance Access published online on May 25, 2006
European Heart Journal, doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl043
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Aims Slower heart rate recovery (HRR) following exercise is associated with the metabolic syndrome, yet the temporal relationship between the two remains unknown. We investigated the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of slower HRR following a graded exercise treadmill test (GXT) with metabolic syndrome components and LDL-C. Methods and results Participants aged 18-30 from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study underwent a symptom-limited maximal GXT at baseline (n=4319) and 7 years later. HRR was calculated as the difference between maximum heart rate (HR) and HR 2 min after test cessation. Slower baseline HRR was associated with a higher cross-sectional level but not longitudinal (15 year follow-up) increases in blood pressure, triglyceride, waist circumference, and LDL-C. No cross-sectional or longitudinal association was observed between HRR and HDL-C. In contrast, participants with one or two or more metabolic syndrome components (National Cholesterol Education Program III and American Diabetes Association criterion) at baseline examination had significantly larger longitudinal declines in HRR [-3.48 (P<0.05) and-5.64 bpm (P<0.001), respectively] from baseline to year 7, when compared with participants without syndrome components (-2.40 bpm). Conclusion Slower HRR does not precede development of the metabolic syndrome, but appears after syndrome components are present.
Received December 21, 2005
Revised March 28, 2006
Accepted May 4, 2006
Clinical research
The temporal relationship between heart rate recovery immediately after exercise and the metabolic syndrome: the CARDIA study
Mohammad Ali Kizilbash 1,
Mercedes R. Carnethon 1 *,
Cheeling Chan 1,
David R. Jacobs 2,
Stephen Sidney 3,
and
Kiang Liu 1
2 Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
3 Divison of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland CA, USA
Mercedes R. Carnethon, E-mail: carnethon{at}northwestern.edu
Abstract 
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  I. Kesoi, B. Sagi, T. Vas, T. Kovacs, I. Wittmann, and J. Nagy Heart rate recovery after exercise is associated with renal function in patients with a homogenous chronic renal disease Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., September 25, 2009; (2009) gfp504v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L.-Y. Lin, H.-K. Kuo, L.-P. Lai, J.-L. Lin, C.-D. Tseng, and J.-J. Hwang Inverse Correlation Between Heart Rate Recovery and Metabolic Risks in Healthy Children and Adolescents: Insight from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002 Diabetes Care, May 1, 2008; 31(5): 1015 - 1020. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|