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European Heart Journal Advance Access published online on July 17, 2006
European Heart Journal, doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl146
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European Heart Journal © The European Society of Cardiology 2006; all rights reserved
Received January 18, 2006
Revised May 10, 2006
Accepted June 23, 2006

Clinical research

Stroke prophylaxis in atrial fibrillation: who gets it and who does not?

Report from the Stockholm Cohort-study on Atrial Fibrillation (SCAF-study)

Leif Friberg 1 *, Niklas Hammar 2, Mattias Ringh 1, Hans Pettersson 3, and Mårten Rosenqvist 4

1 Karolinska Institute at South Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
2 Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
3 Department of Biostatistics, South Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
4 Department of Cardiology, South Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Leif Friberg, E-mail: leif.friberg{at}stockholm.bonet.se


  Abstract

Aims Underuse of warfarin for stroke prophylaxis in atrial fibrillation (AF) is extensive and represents a major problem in clinical practice. To identify factors associated with warfarin treatment in eligible AF patients.

Methods and results The study population consisted of all Swedish resident AF patients at the Stockholm South General Hospital during 2002 (n = 2796). Medical records were examined and complemented by data from the Swedish National Hospital Discharge Register. Sixty-eight percent of the patients (1898/2796) had indications, and no apparent contraindications for warfarin treatment. Of these 54% (1029/1898) got warfarin. Factors favouring warfarin treatment after adjustment for other factors were history of ischaemic stroke, an implanted pacemaker, treatment in a cardiology rather than internal medicine ward and valvular defect. Factors associated with a reduced likelihood of warfarin treatment were paroxysmal type of AF and age >80 years. Important risk factors for stroke in AF like heart failure, hypertension, and diabetes did not increase the chances of warfarin treatment.

Conclusion Risk stratification using known risk factors of stroke seems to affect warfarin treatment only to a minor degree in clinical practice. Undertreatment was particularly common in patients with paroxysmal AF and in patients aged >80 years and calls for improved clinical routines in accordance with international guidelines.

Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Thromboembolism; Anticoagulation; Warfarin; Aspirin; Guidelines; Adherence.
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