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European Heart Journal Advance Access published online on August 15, 2006
European Heart Journal, doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl198
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European Heart Journal © The European Society of Cardiology 2006; all rights reserved
Received December 14, 2005
Revised June 29, 2006
Accepted July 27, 2006

Clinical research

Circulating CD34+ cells, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular risk

Gian Paolo Fadini 1, Saula Vigili de Kreutzenberg 1, Anna Coracina 1, Ilenia Baesso 2, Carlo Agostini 2, Antonio Tiengo 1, and Angelo Avogaro 1 *

1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Metabolic Diseases, University of Padua, Medical School, Padua, Italy
2 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Immunology and Hematology Branch, University of Padua, Medical School, Padua, Italy

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Angelo Avogaro, E-mail: angelo.avogaro{at}unipd.it


  Abstract

Aims Circulating progenitor cells are believed to participate in cardiovascular (CV) homeostasis and their exhaustion has been linked to CV damage. As general agreement on their characterization is lacking, this work was carried out to assess the relationships between different antigenic profiles of progenitor cells and CV risk, with special regard to metabolic syndrome (MetSyn).

Methods and results CD34, CD133, and KDR were used to quantify circulating progenitors in 214 subjects at different levels of CV risk. In a cross-analysis of six different cell subtypes (CD34+, CD133+, CD34+CD133+, CD34+KDR+, CD133+KDR+, and CD34+CD133+KDR+), CD34+ progenitors showed the best correlation with CV parameters and risk estimates. Components of the MetSyn were all characterized by reduction of CD34+ cells and acted synergistically in decreasing CD34+ cell count. Moreover, CD34+ cell count demonstrated a high performance in detecting high CV risk.

Conclusion These data demonstrate that CD34 identifies progenitor cells linked to CV risk, showing a close negative correlation between CD34+ cells and CV risk, as well as a synergic detrimental effect of clustered metabolic components. Progenitor cell count may be used as a surrogate marker of CV risk, whereas extensive antigenic characterization may not be useful for this purpose.

Keywords: Endothelial progenitor cells; Stem cells; Cardiovascular risk; Metabolic syndrome.
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