European Heart Journal Advance Access published online on January 22, 2007
European Heart Journal, doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehl479
Blood pressure and blood selenium: a cross-sectional and longitudinal population study
1 Studies Coordinating Centre, Laboratory of Hypertension, Division of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Campus Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, Box 702, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
2 Unité de Toxicologie Industrielle et de Médecine du Travail, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
3 British Heart Foundation Blood Pressure Group, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
4 Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Received 15 March 2005; revised 8 December 2006; accepted 21 December 2006.
* Corresponding author. Tel: +32 16 34 7104; fax: +32 16 34 7106. E-mail address: jan.staessen{at}med.kuleuven.be
AIMS: Western Europeans have low blood levels of selenium (BSe), an antioxidant trace element. In a Flemish population, we investigated the cross-sectional and longitudinal association of blood pressure (BP) with BSe.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We randomly recruited 710 subjects (mean age 48.8 years; 51.8% women). We measured BP and BSe and kept participants in follow-up for BP. At baseline, systolic/diastolic BP averaged (SD) 130/77 (17.3/9.2) mmHg. BSe was 97.0 (19.0) µg/L. Of 385 participants with normal baseline BP (<130 and <85 mmHg), over 5.2 years (range 3.4–8.4 years), 139 developed high-normal BP (130–139/85–90 mmHg) or hypertension (
140/90 mmHg). In multivariate-adjusted cross-sectional analyses of men, a 20 µg/L (
1 SD) higher BSe was associated with lower BP with effect sizes of 2.2 mmHg systolic (95% CI –0.57 to –5.05; P = 0.009) and 1.5 mmHg diastolic (95% CI –0.56 to –2.44; P = 0.017). In prospective analyses of men, a 20 µg/L higher baseline BSe was associated with a 37% (95% CI –52 to –17; P = 0.001) lower risk of developing high-normal BP or hypertension. None of these associations was significant in women.
CONCLUSION: Deficiency of selenium might be an underestimated risk factor for the development of high BP in European men.
Key Words: Blood pressure • Epidemiology • Hypertension • Prospective
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