European Heart Journal Advance Access published online on November 20, 2007
European Heart Journal, doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehm534
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2007. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Transvenous left ventricular lead placement in a patient with mechanical tricuspid, aortic, and mitral valves
Cardiac Electrophysiology Program, University of California, San Diego, 4168 Front Street, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
* Corresponding author. Tel: +1 6195433652; fax: +1 6195435576. E-mail address: tiliu@ucsd.edu
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A 62-year-old woman was referred for upgrade of her single chamber AAIR pacemaker to dual chamber due to symptomatic bradycardia with high-grade AV block. She previously underwent mechanical aortic, mitral, and tricuspid