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European Heart Journal Advance Access published online on June 4, 2009

European Heart Journal, doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp238
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2009. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Structural and functional manifestations of human atherosclerosis: do they run in parallel?

Peter Ganz*, Jennifer E. Ho and Priscilla Y. Hsue

Division of Cardiology and the Center of Excellence in Vascular Research, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA

* Corresponding author. Tel: +1 415 206 3024, Fax: +1 415 206 5447, Email: ganzp@medsfgh.ucsf.edu

This editorial refers to ‘A randomized placebo-controlled study on the effect of nifedipine on coronary endothelial function and plaque formation in patients with coronary artery disease: the ENCORE II study’, by T.F. Lüscher et al. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp151

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Lüscher and colleagues have presented the much-awaited results of the ENCORE II multicentre trial.1 Its intent was to determine whether long-acting nifedipine, given in addition to statins, reverses endothelial dysfunction and retards progression of coronary atherosclerosis over 18–24 months in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Considered broadly, this study investigated the relationship between functional and structural expression of atherosclerosis. Coronary endothelial function was assessed with acetylcholine, a measure of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability (see Figure 1).2 In 214 patients, as compared with placebo, nifedipine significantly improved coronary endothelial function. ENCORE II reinforces the conclusions of ENCORE I which found improved coronary endothelial function after just 6 months of nifedipine treatment and in the absence of background statins.3 The consistency of these findings indicates that multicentre trials of coronary endothelial testing yield reproducible results when conducted by capable investigators. While confirming the ENCORE I results, ENCORE II also . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Relationship between endothelial function and structural atherosclerosis progression

The effect of calcium channel blockers on progression of atherosclerosis assessed by angiography

The effect of calcium channel blockers on progression of atherosclerosis assessed by ultrasound

The effect of long-acting nifedipine on progression of coronary atherosclerosis in ENCORE II

The effect of long-acting nifedipine on clinical outcomes in patients with CAD


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A randomized placebo-controlled study on the effect of nifedipine on coronary endothelial function and plaque formation in patients with coronary artery disease: the ENCORE II study
Thomas Felix Lüscher, Michael Pieper, Michael Tendera, Mathy Vrolix, Wolfgang Rutsch, Frank van den Branden, Robert Gil, Karl-Otto Bischoff, Michael Haude, Dieter Fischer, Thomas Meinertz, and Thomas Münzel
EHJ 2009 30: 1590-1597. [Abstract] [FREE Full Text]